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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >NACOB presentation CSB New Investigator Award. Balance recovery from medio-lateral perturbations of the upper body during standing. North American Congress on Biomechanics.
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NACOB presentation CSB New Investigator Award. Balance recovery from medio-lateral perturbations of the upper body during standing. North American Congress on Biomechanics.

机译：NACOB介绍CSB新研究者奖。站立时从上半身的中外侧扰动中恢复平衡。北美生物力学大会。

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Postural control strategies have in the past been predominantly characterized by kinematics, surface forces, and EMG responses (e.g. Horak and Nashner, 1986, Journal of Neurophysiology 55(6), 1369-1381). The goal of this study was to provide unique and novel insights into the underlying motor mechanisms used in postural control by determining the joint moments during balance recovery from medio-lateral (M/L) perturbations. Ten adult males received medio-lateral (M/L) pushes to the trunk or pelvis. The inverted pendulum model of balance control (Winter et al., 1998, Journal of Neurophysiology 80, 1211-1221) was validated even though the body did not behave as a single pendulum, indicating that the centre of pressure (COP) is the variable used to control the centre of mass (COM). The perturbation magnitude was random, and the central nervous system (CNS) responded with an estimate of the largest anticipated perturbation. The observed joint moments served to move the COP in the appropriate direction and to control the lateral collapse of the trunk. The individual joints involved in controlling the COP contributed differing amounts to the total recovery response: the hip and spinal moments provided the majority of the recovery (approximately 85%), while the ankles contributed a small, but significant amount (15%). The differing contributions are based on the anatomical constraints and the functional requirements of the balance task. The onset of the joint moment was synchronous with the joint angle change, and occurred too early (56-116 ms) to be result of active muscle contraction. Therefore, the first line of defense was provided by muscle stiffness, not reflex-activated muscle activity.
机译：过去，姿势控制策略主要以运动学，表面力和EMG响应为特征（例如Horak和Nashner，1986，《神经生理学杂志》 55（6），1369-1381）。这项研究的目的是通过确定从中外侧（M / L）干扰恢复平衡过程中的关节力矩，为姿势控制中使用的潜在运动机制提供独特而新颖的见解。十名成年男性接受了向躯干或骨盆推动的中外侧（M / L）。平衡控制的倒立摆模型（Winter et al。，1998，Journal of Neurophysiology 80，1211-1221）已得到验证，即使身体的行为不像单个摆一样，这表明压力中心（COP）是可变的用于控制质心（COM）。摄动幅度是随机的，中枢神经系统（CNS）对最大预期摄动发生了估计。观察到的关节力矩有助于使COP沿适当的方向运动并控制躯干的横向塌陷。参与控制COP的各个关节对总恢复反应的贡献程度不同：髋部和脊柱力矩提供了大部分恢复（大约85％），而脚踝贡献了很小但相当大的数量（15％）。不同的贡献基于平衡任务的解剖学约束和功能要求。关节力矩的发作与关节角度的变化同步，并且发生得太早（56-116 ms）以至于无法进行主动的肌肉收缩。因此，第一道防线是由肌肉僵硬而不是由反射激活的肌肉活动提供的。

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