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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >INFLUENCE OF LATERAL DESTABILIZATION ON COMPENSATORY STEPPING RESPONSES
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INFLUENCE OF LATERAL DESTABILIZATION ON COMPENSATORY STEPPING RESPONSES

机译：横向失稳对补偿性阶梯反应的影响

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Previous studies of compensatory stepping, in response to postural perturbation, have focussed on forward or backward stepping; however, the ability to step in other directions is of equal functional importance, since the perturbations encountered in daily life may often include a lateral component. The primary objective of this study was to determine how lateral destabilization affects the compensatory stepping response, in terms of: (1) swing-leg selection, (2) preparatory unloading of the swing leg, and (3) spatial and temporal characteristics of the swing trajectory. A novel multi-directional moving platform was used to apply transient perturbations in eight horizontal directions, in 10 healthy young adults. Perturbation magnitude was varied unpredictably over a wide range and subjects were instructed to try not to step, so as to discourage preplanned 'volitional' foot movement. The predominant strategy, seen in 96% of stepping responses to lateral destabilization, was to swing the leg that was unloaded by the perturbation. This strategy allowed a much more rapid foot-lift but required a longer and more complex swing trajectory, compared to responses where the perturbation-loaded leg was swung. When compared to forward and backward steps, the addition of a lateral component to the perturbation led to a 20% (90 ms) reduction in time to foot-off, a 20% (7 cm) increase in step length and a 70% (110 ms) increase in swing duration, on average. The results clearly demonstrate that compensatory stepping responses to non-sagittal perturbations are strongly influenced by biomechanical constraints and affordances that do not affect the forward and backward stepping behaviour that has been studied traditionally. These findings underscore the need to assess postural responses in multiple directions, in order to understand more fully how balance is maintained in the exigencies of everyday life. [References: 27]
机译：先前针对姿势扰动的补偿性踏步研究集中于向前或向后踏步。但是，迈向其他方向的能力在功能上具有同等重要的地位，因为在日常生活中遇到的扰动通常可能包括横向因素。这项研究的主要目的是确定横向不稳定如何影响补偿性步进响应，包括：（1）摆腿选择，（2）摆腿的准备性卸载，以及（3）摆腿的空间和时间特性。摆动轨迹。一个新颖的多向运动平台用于在10个健康的年轻人中沿八个水平方向施加瞬态扰动。摄动幅度在很大范围内发生了不可预测的变化，并指示受试者不要踩踏，以阻止预先计划的“自愿”足部运动。在对侧向失稳的踩踏反应中，有96％的主要策略是摆动因微扰而无法负荷的腿。与摆动腿的情况相比，此策略可以更快地抬脚，但需要更长且更复杂的挥杆轨迹。与前进和后退步骤相比，在扰动中增加横向分量会导致踩踏时间减少20％（90毫秒），步长增加20％（7厘米），而踩踏时间增加70％（平均增加110毫秒）的挥杆持续时间。结果清楚地表明，对非矢状摄动的补偿性步进响应受生物力学约束和承受能力的强烈影响，而该承受能力并不影响传统上已研究的前进和后退步进行为。这些发现强调了需要从多个方向评估姿势反应，以便更全面地了解日常生活中如何保持平衡。 [参考：27]

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