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Muscle fiber type effects on energetically optimal cadences in cycling

机译：肌肉纤维类型对骑行中能量最佳节奏的影响

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Fast-twitch (FT) and slow-twitch (ST) muscle fibers vary in their mechanical and energetic properties, and it has been suggested that muscle fiber type distribution influences energy expenditure and the energetically optimal cadence during pedaling. However, it is challenging to experimentally isolate the effects of muscle fiber type on pedaling energetics. In the present study, a modeling and computer simulation approach was used to test the dependence of muscle energy expenditure on pedaling rate during submaximal cycling. Simulations were generated using a musculoskeletal model at cadences from 40 to 120 rev min(-1), and the dynamic and energetic properties of the model muscles were scaled to represent a range of muscle fiber types. Energy expenditure and the energetically optimal cadence were found to be higher in a model with more FT fibers than a model with more ST fibers, consistent with predictions from the experimental literature. At the muscle level, mechanical efficiency was lower in the model with a greater proportion of FT fibers, but peaked at a higher cadence than in the ST model. Regardless of fiber type distribution, mechanical efficiency was low at 40 rev min(-1), increased to a broad plateau between 60 and 100 rev min(-1), and decreased substantially at 120 rev min(-1). In conclusion, muscle fiber type distribution was confirmed as an important determinant of the energetics of pedaling. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：快肌（FT）和慢肌（ST）的肌肉机械特性和能量特性各不相同，并且有人提出，肌肉纤维的类型分布会影响踩踏过程中的能量消耗和能量上最佳的踏频。然而，从实验上隔离肌肉纤维类型对蹬踏能量学的影响是具有挑战性的。在本研究中，使用一种建模和计算机仿真方法来测试次最大循环过程中肌肉能量消耗对踏板速度的依赖性。使用肌肉骨骼模型以40到120 rev min（-1）的节奏生成模拟，并缩放模型肌肉的动态和能量特性，以代表一系列肌肉纤维类型。发现具有更多FT纤维的模型比具有更多ST纤维的模型的能量消耗和能量最优的步调更高，这与实验文献的预测一致。在肌肉水平上，FT纤维比例较大的模型的机械效率较低，但与ST模型相比，其节奏最高。无论纤维类型分布如何，机械效率在40转/分（-1）时都很低，在60至100转/分（-1）之间增加到一个宽平台，而在120转（min）（-1）时则大大降低。总之，肌肉纤维类型分布被确认为踩踏能量的重要决定因素。 （c）2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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