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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >Computational and experimental models of the human torso for non-penetrating ballistic impact
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Computational and experimental models of the human torso for non-penetrating ballistic impact

机译：非穿透弹道冲击的人体躯干计算和实验模型

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Both computational finite element and experimental models of the human torso have been developed for ballistic impact testing. The human torso finite element model (HTFEM), including the thoracic skeletal structure and organs, was created in the finite element code LS-DYNA. The skeletal structure was assumed to be linear-elastic while all internal organs were modeled as viscoelastic. A physical human surrogate torso model (HSTM) was developed using biosimulant materials and the same anthropometry as the HTFEM. The HSTM response to impact was recorded with piezoresistive pressure sensors molded into the heart, liver and stomach and an accelerometer attached to the sternum. For experimentation, the HSTM was outfitted with National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Level I, IIa, II and IIIa soft armor vests. Twenty-six ballistic tests targeting the HSTM heart and liver were conducted with 22 caliber ammunition at a velocity of 329m/s and 9mm ammunition at velocities of 332, 358 and 430m/s. The HSTM pressure response repeatability was found to vary by less than 10% for similar impact conditions. A comparison of the HSTM and HTFEM response showed similar pressure profiles and less than 35% peak pressure difference for organs near the ballistic impact point. Furthermore, the peak sternum accelerations of the HSTM and HTFEM varied by less than 10% for impacts over the sternum. These models provide comparative tools for determining the thoracic response to ballistic impact and could be used to evaluate soft body armor design and efficacy, determine thoracic injury mechanisms and assist with injury prevention. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：人体躯干的计算有限元和实验模型均已开发用于弹道冲击试验。用有限元代码LS-DYNA创建了包括躯干骨骼结构和器官在内的人体躯干有限元模型（HTFEM）。假定骨骼结构为线性弹性，而所有内部器官均建模为粘弹性。使用生物模拟材料和与HTFEM相同的人体测量学开发了人体替代人体躯干模型（HSTM）。 HSTM对撞击的反应是通过模制在心脏，肝脏和胃中的压阻压力传感器以及连接在胸骨上的加速度计来记录的。为了进行试验，HSTM配备了美国国家司法学院（NIJ）的I，IIa，II和IIIa级软质防弹背心。以22口径弹药以329m / s的速度和9mm弹药以332、358和430m / s的速度进行了针对HSTM心脏和肝脏的二十六个弹道测试。对于相似的冲击条件，发现HSTM压力响应的可重复性变化小于10％。 HSTM和HTFEM响应的比较显示，在弹道冲击点附近的器官，压力曲线相似，峰值压力差小于35％。此外，HSTM和HTFEM的峰值胸骨加速度变化不超过10％，以影响整个胸骨。这些模型为确定胸部对弹道撞击的反应提供了比较工具，可用于评估软体防弹衣的设计和功效，确定胸部损伤的机制并协助预防伤害。 （c）2005 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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