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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >An alternative approach to normalization and evaluation for gait patterns: Procrustes analysis applied to the cyclograms of sprinters and middle-distance runners.
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An alternative approach to normalization and evaluation for gait patterns: Procrustes analysis applied to the cyclograms of sprinters and middle-distance runners.

机译：步态模式归一化和评估的另一种方法：Procrustes分析应用于短跑运动员和中长跑运动员的节拍图。

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摘要

In order to compare gait patterns, a common procedure is to normalize strides both in time and magnitude. The stride duration is usually normalized to a time percentage before averaging curves. As the timing of event occurrences may shift across strides, the shape of the averaged curves is distorted and therefore the standard deviation is overvalued. Stride magnitude normalization is performed by means of dimensionless numbers. However, there is little agreement on which body size correction methods should be used. The Procrustes method describes curve shape and shape change in a mathematical and statistical framework, independently of time and size factors. The present study aims to explore how this technique may be used for time- and magnitude-stride normalization to reflect individual and group mean responses. The Procrustes method, which combines quantitative and visual features, is applied to the shape of the ankle and knee cyclograms. Superimposition of 25 cyclograms (10 for sprinters (SP) and 15for middle-distance runners (MDR)) was supplemented by statistical procedures (principal component analysis, discriminant function) to extract the main key events, which vary according to the athletic specialities. In comparison with the MDR (poulaine-shaped cyclogram), the ovoid cyclogram of SP reveals the following gait indicators: a short braking phase, a rapid initial lower limb swing in the forward direction, a fast upward movement of the knee and ankle, and an active foot contact. The Procrustes approach could be used to describe other quasi-periodic movements through relative motion plots (e.g., cyclograms, angle-angle diagrams, phase plane portraits).
机译：为了比较步态，通常的步骤是标准化步幅。在将曲线平均之前，通常将步幅持续时间标准化为时间百分比。由于事件发生的时间可能跨步移动，因此平均曲线的形状会失真，因此标准偏差过高。步幅大小归一化是通过无量纲数执行的。但是，对于应该使用哪种体型校正方法，人们几乎没有共识。 Procrustes方法在数学和统计框架中描述曲线形状和形状变化，而与时间和尺寸因子无关。本研究旨在探讨如何将该技术用于时间跨度和幅度跨度归一化，以反映个体和群体的均值响应。结合了定量和视觉特征的Procrustes方法被应用于踝和膝关节图的形状。通过统计程序（主要成分分析，判别功能）补充了25个图的叠加（短跑运动员（SP）为10个，中距离跑者为15个），以提取主要关键事件，这些关键事件根据运动专业而异。与MDR（po形）相比，SP的卵圆形图显示了以下步态指标：短暂的制动阶段，下肢快速向前快速摆动，膝盖和脚踝快速向上运动以及主动的脚接触。 Procrustes方法可用于通过相对运动图（例如，周线图，角度图，相平面图）描述其他准周期运动。

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