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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >A non-optimized follower load path may cause considerable intervertebral rotations
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A non-optimized follower load path may cause considerable intervertebral rotations

机译：未优化的随动负载路径可能会导致椎间旋转

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摘要

Osseoligamentous spinal specimens buckle under even a small vertical compressive force. To allow higher axial forces, a compressive follower load (FL) was suggested previously that approximates the curvature of the spine without inducing intervertebral rotation in both the frontal and the sagittal planes. In in vitro experiments and finite element analyses, the location of the FL path is subjected to estimation by the investigator. Such non-optimized FLs may induce bending and so far it is still unknown how this affects the results of the study and their comparability. A symmetrical finite element model of the lumbar spine was employed to simulate upright standing while applying a follower load. In analogy to in vitro experiments, the path of this FL was estimated seven times by different members of our institute's spine group. Additionally, an optimized FL path was determined and additional moments of +- 7.5 Nm were applied to simulate flexion and extension. Application of the optimized 500 N compressive FL causes only a marginal alteration of the curvature (cardan angle L1-S1 in sagittal plane < 0.25deg). An individual estimation of the FL path, however, results in flexions of up to 10.0? or extensions of up to 12.3deg. The resulting angles for the different non-optimized FL paths depend on the magnitude of the bending moment applied and whether a differential or an absolute measurement is taken. A preceding optimization of the location of the FL path would increase the comparability of different studies.
机译：骨小韧带脊柱标本即使在很小的垂直压缩力作用下也会弯曲。为了允许更高的轴向力，先前提出了压缩从动载荷（FL），该载荷可近似于脊柱的曲率，而不会引起额面和矢状面的椎间旋转。在体外实验和有限元分析中，FL路径的位置由研究人员进行估算。这种未优化的FL可能会引起弯曲，到目前为止，仍不知道这如何影响研究结果及其可比性。腰椎的对称有限元模型用于模拟在施加跟随者负荷时的直立站立。与体外实验类似，本研究所的脊柱小组的不同成员对此FL的路径进行了七次估算。此外，确定了优化的FL路径，并应用了+/- 7.5 Nm的附加力矩来模拟弯曲和伸展。优化的500 N压缩FL的应用仅会导致曲率的边际变化（矢状面中的万向角L1-S1 <0.25度）。但是，对FL路径的单独估计会导致最大10.0？的屈曲。或延伸至12.3度。不同的非优化FL路径的最终角度取决于所施加的弯矩的大小以及是否进行差分或绝对测量。 FL路径位置的先前优化将提高不同研究的可比性。

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