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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry >The interplay between expressed parental anxiety and infant behavioural inhibition predicts infant avoidance in a social referencing paradigm
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The interplay between expressed parental anxiety and infant behavioural inhibition predicts infant avoidance in a social referencing paradigm

机译：表达的父母焦虑与婴儿行为抑制之间的相互作用预示了在社会参照范式中的婴儿回避

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Background: Anxiety aggregates in families. Environmental factors, such as modelling of anxious behaviours, are assumed to play a causal role in the development of child anxiety. We investigated the predictive value of paternal and maternal anxiety (lifetime anxiety disorders and expressed parental anxiety) on infants' fear and avoidance during encounters with social and nonsocial novel stimuli in a social referencing (SR) paradigm. Methods: A total of 122 12-month-old infants participated in this study separately with their fathers and mothers (parents with lifetime: social anxiety disorders [n = 47], other types of anxiety disorders [n = 33], comorbid social and other types of anxiety disorders [n = 52] and without anxiety disorders [n = 112]). Infants were confronted with a stranger and a mechanical dinosaur as novel stimuli in two SR situations. Infants' avoidance as well as fear and parents' expressed anxiety were observed. Infants' behavioural inhibition (BI) was separately observed in structured tasks. Results: Parental lifetime anxiety disorders did not significantly predict infant fear or avoidance. Expressed parental anxiety interacted with BI to significantly predict infant avoidance, revealing a positive association between expressed parental anxiety and infant avoidance among infants with moderate-to-high BI. The association between infant avoidance and expressed parental anxiety was not significantly different for mothers and fathers, pointing to an equally important role of fathers at this young age. Infant fear was significantly predicted by infant BI, but not by expressed parental anxiety. Conclusions: Infants with a temperamental disposition for anxiety (BI) may learn from both paternal and maternal anxious signals and become avoidant towards novelty when their parents express anxiety. This link between expressed parental anxiety and infant avoidance for moderate-to-high BI children, that seems to hold across contexts and to be independent of lifetime parental anxiety disorders, may be a mechanism explaining early intergenerational transmission of anxiety.
机译：背景：家庭中的焦虑症聚集。假定环境因素（例如，对焦虑行为的建模）在儿童焦虑症的发展中起因果作用。我们调查了父母和母亲的焦虑（终生性焦虑症和父母表达的焦虑）对婴儿在社交参考（SR）范式中遇到社交和非社交新颖刺激时的恐惧和回避的预测价值。方法：共有122名12个月大婴儿分别与父亲和母亲（一生的父母：社交焦虑症[n = 47]，其他类型的焦虑症[n = 33]，共患社交和社交）参加了这项研究。其他类型的焦虑症[n = 52]和没有焦虑症[n = 112]）。在两种SR情况下，婴儿面临着陌生人和机械恐龙的刺激。观察到婴儿回避以及恐惧和父母表达的焦虑。在结构化任务中分别观察到婴儿的行为抑制（BI）。结果：父母一生的焦虑症没有显着预测婴儿的恐惧或避免。表达的父母焦虑与BI相互作用可显着预测婴儿的回避，从而揭示中度至高BI婴儿的表达的父母焦虑与婴儿回避之间存在正相关。父母避免婴儿回避和父母表达的焦虑之间没有显着差异，这表明父亲在这个年轻的年龄中同样重要。婴儿BI显着预测了婴儿的恐惧，但父母表达的焦虑却没有。结论：具有气质性焦虑倾向（BI）的婴儿可能会从父母和母亲的焦虑信号中学习，并在父母表达焦虑时避免新颖。在中度至高水平的BI儿童中，父母表达的焦虑与回避婴儿之间的这种联系似乎在各种情况下都存在，并且与终生父母的焦虑症无关，这可能是解释早期代际焦虑传递的机制。

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