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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry >Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD in offspring
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Familial confounding of the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and ADHD in offspring

机译：孕妇孕期吸烟与后代多动症之间的家族混淆

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Background Maternal Smoking During Pregnancy (SDP) has consistently been associated with increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in offspring, but recent studies indicate that this association might be due to unmeasured familial confounding. Methods A total of 813,030 individuals born in Sweden between 1992 and 2000 were included in this nationwide population-based cohort study. Data on maternal SDP and ADHD diagnosis were obtained from national registers and patients were followed up from the age of 3 to the end of 2009. Hazard Ratios (HRs) were estimated using stratified Cox regression models. Cousin and sibling data were used to control for unmeasured familial confounding. Results At the population level maternal SDP predicted ADHD in offspring (HRModerateSDP = 1.89; HRHighSDP = 2.50). This estimate gradually attenuated toward the null when adjusting for measured confounders (HR ModerateSDP = 1.62; HRH ighSDP = 2.04), unmeasured confounders shared within the extended family (i.e., cousin comparison) (HRModerate SDP = 1.45; HRHighSDP = 1.69), and unmeasured confounders within the nuclear family (i.e., sibling comparison) (HRModerateSDP = 0.88; HRH ighSDP = 0.84). Conclusions Our results suggest that the association between maternal SDP and offspring ADHD are due to unmeasured familial confounding.
机译：背景孕期孕妇吸烟（SDP）一直与后代注意力不足/多动症（ADHD）的风险增加有关，但最近的研究表明，这种关联可能是由于家族性混杂因素导致的。方法这项在全国范围内进行的队列研究纳入了1992年至2000年在瑞典出生的813,030个人。产妇SDP和ADHD诊断的数据从国家登记处获得，并从3岁至2009年底对患者进行随访。使用分层Cox回归模型估算危险比（HRs）。表兄弟姐妹和兄弟姐妹的数据被用来控制无法测量的家族混杂。结果在人群水平上，母亲SDP预测后代的ADHD（HRModerateSDP = 1.89; HRHighSDP = 2.50）。当调整为测量的混杂因素（HR ModerateSDP = 1.62; HRH ighSDP = 2.04），大家族中共享的未测量混杂因素（即表亲比较）（HRModerate SDP = 1.45; HRHighSDP = 1.69）且未测量时，此估计逐渐衰减为零。核心家庭中的混杂因素（即同级比较）（HRModerateSDP = 0.88; HRH ighSDP = 0.84）。结论我们的结果表明，母亲SDP与后代ADHD之间的关联是由于无法测量的家族混杂所致。

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