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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of child psychology and psychiatry >Entry risk into the juvenile justice system: African American, American Indian, Asian American, European American, and Hispanic children and adolescents.
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Entry risk into the juvenile justice system: African American, American Indian, Asian American, European American, and Hispanic children and adolescents.

机译：进入少年司法系统的风险：非裔美国人，美洲印第安人，亚裔美国人，欧洲裔美国人以及西班牙裔儿童和青少年。

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BACKGROUND: Findings on disproportionate minority contact remain mixed. Few empirical studies have examined to what extent entry risk into juvenile justice varies across ethnic/racial groups, and to what extent childhood aggressive behaviors foretell later deviance and entry risk. In the current study, we sought to address these shortcomings by implementing a survival analysis on a representative sample of youth followed from age 8 to 18. METHODS: The sample included N = 2,754 lower to lower-middle SES youth from five different ethnic/racial groups (African American, American Indian, Asian American, European American, and Hispanic youth), part of a large-scale violence prevention effort. Aggressive behaviors were rated by teachers during elementary school, entry risk into juvenile justice was measured by official data, while SES was based on census data. RESULTS: Developmental entry risk into the juvenile justice system peaked at age 14 and subsequently declined. No differences were found across the four racial groups; however, Hispanic youth were at elevated risk (by 73%). Only childhood physical aggressive behavior increased entry risk (by 87%); this was above and beyond a 'simple' maturational liability we found and net any effects by sex, race/ethnicity, and SES. CONCLUSIONS: Some evidence suggested disproportionate minority contact, but only for Hispanic youth. Entry risk was invariant by race, but differed for males versus females and for youth from relatively higher socioeconomic status (SES) strata compared to youth from lower ones. Intervention efforts should target physically aggressive children during the elementary school years; however, some of the evidence also suggests that there exists a 'maturational liability' developmentally over time, between the ages of 8 and 18, independent of any of the focal predictors tested.
机译：背景：关于少数族裔接触不成比例的发现仍然参差不齐。很少有实证研究检查不同种族/种族群体进入少年司法的风险在多大程度上不同，以及儿童侵略行为在多大程度上预示了以后的偏离和进入风险。在本研究中，我们试图通过对8至18岁之间的代表性青年样本进行生存分析来解决这些不足。团体（非裔美国人，美洲印第安人，亚裔美国人，欧洲裔美国人和西班牙裔青年），这是大规模预防暴力活动的一部分。小学阶段，教师对侵略行为进行了评分，官方数据衡量了进入少年司法的风险，而社会经济评估则基于人口普查数据。结果：进入少年司法系统的发展进入风险在14岁时达到顶峰，随后下降。四个种族之间没有差异。但是，西班牙裔青年的风险较高（上升了73％）。仅儿童时期的身体攻击行为会增加进入风险（增加87％）;这超出了我们发现的“简单”成熟责任，并排除了性别，种族/民族和SES带来的任何影响。结论：一些证据表明少数族裔接触不成比例，但仅适用于西班牙裔青年。进入风险因种族而异，但相对于社会经济地位较低的年轻人，男性与女性以及社会经济地位相对较高的年轻人有所不同。干预工作应针对在小学阶段有身体攻击的孩子;然而，一些证据还表明，随着年龄的增长，在8至18岁之间存在“物质责任”，与测试的任何重点预测指标无关。

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