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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology >Biosorption: critical review of scientific rationale, environmental importance and significance for pollution treatment
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Biosorption: critical review of scientific rationale, environmental importance and significance for pollution treatment

机译：生物吸附：对科学原理，环境重要性及其对污染处理的意义的严格审查

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Biosorption may be simply defined as the removal of substances from solution by biological material. Such substances can be organic and inorganic, and in gaseous, soluble or insoluble forms. Biosorption is a physico-chemical process and includes such mechanisms as absorption, adsorption, ion exchange, surface complexation and precipitation. Biosorption is a property of both living and dead organisms (and their components) and has been heralded as a promising biotechnology for pollutant removal from solution, and/or pollutant recovery, for a number of years, because of its efficiency, simplicity, analogous operation to conventional ion exchange technology, and availability of biomass. Most biosorption studies have carried out on microbial systems, chiefly bacteria, microalgae and fungi, and with toxic metals and radionuclides, including actinides like uranium and thorium. However, practically all biological material has an affinity for metal species and a considerable amount of other research exists with macroalgae (seaweeds) as well as plant and animal biomass, waste organic sludges, and many other wastes or derived bio-products. While most biosorption research concerns metals and related substances, including radionuclides, the term is now applied to particulates and all manner of organic substances as well. However, despite continuing dramatic increases in published research on biosorption, there has been little or no exploitation in an industrial context. This article critically reviews aspects of biosorption research regarding the benefits, disadvantages, and future potential of biosorption as an industrial process, the rationale, scope and scientific value of biosorption research, and the significance of biosorption in other waste treatment processes and in the environment.
机译：生物吸附可以简单地定义为通过生物材料从溶液中去除物质。这样的物质可以是有机和无机的，并且可以是气态，可溶或不可溶的形式。生物吸附是一个物理化学过程，包括诸如吸收，吸附，离子交换，表面络合和沉淀等机制。生物吸附是活生物和死生物（及其组成部分）的特性，由于其高效，简单，类似的操作方式，多年来被誉为是一种有前途的生物技术，可用于从溶液中去除污染物和/或回收污染物。到传统的离子交换技术，以及生物质的可用性。大多数生物吸附研究都是在微生物系统上进行的，主要是细菌，微藻和真菌，以及有毒金属和放射性核素，包括act系元素（如铀和or）。但是，几乎所有生物材料都对金属物种具有亲和力，并且还有大量其他研究与大型藻类（海藻）以及动植物生物质，废有机污泥以及许多其他废物或衍生的生物产品有关。尽管大多数生物吸附研究都涉及金属和相关物质，包括放射性核素，但该术语现在也适用于颗粒物以及所有形式的有机物质。但是，尽管已发表的有关生物吸附的研究持续不断增加，但在工业环境中却很少或没有开发。本文对生物吸附研究的各个方面进行了严格的评论，涉及作为工业过程的生物吸附的优点，缺点和未来潜力，生物吸附研究的原理，范围和科学价值，以及生物吸附在其他废物处理过程和环境中的重要性。

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