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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Chemical Education >Teaching Thermodynamics of Ideal Solutions: An Entropy-Based Approach To Help Students Better Understand and Appreciate the Subtleties of Solution Models
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Teaching Thermodynamics of Ideal Solutions: An Entropy-Based Approach To Help Students Better Understand and Appreciate the Subtleties of Solution Models

机译：理想解决方案的热力学教学：一种基于熵的方法，可帮助学生更好地理解和理解解决方案模型的精妙之处

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The thermodynamic formalism of ideal solutions is developed in most of the textbooks postulating a form for the chemical potential of a generic component, which is adapted from the thermodynamics of ideal gas mixtures. From this basis, the rest of useful thermodynamic properties can be derived straightforwardly without further hypothesis. Although formally elegant, this approach to ideal solutions does not allow appreciation of subtle concepts embodied in the model such as requirements of molecular size and shape or the fact that equations that contain the universal gas constant (R) can be applied to describe liquid or solid solutions. As alternative, it is discussed here an approach centered on the behavior of the partial molar entropy of the component using the framework provided by the concept of accessible volume. It is shown that this way of presenting the topic allows a more natural flow and, particularly, analytical justification of all the hypothesis and ideas behind many fundamental solution models, including that of ideal solutions, with the extra advantage that it can almost entirely carried out from a macroscopic point of view.
机译：理想教科书的热力学形式论是在大多数教科书中提出的，它提出了一种通用成分化学势的形式，该形式是根据理想气体混合物的热力学改编而成的。在此基础上，无需进一步假设即可直接得出其余有用的热力学性质。尽管从形式上讲优雅，但这种理想解决方案的方法无法理解模型中体现的细微概念，例如对分子大小和形状的要求，或者包含通用气体常数（R）的方程式可以用于描述液体或固体的事实解决方案。作为替代方案，在此讨论一种方法，该方法使用可访问体积的概念所提供的框架，以组分的部分摩尔熵的行为为中心。结果表明，这种展示主题的方式允许更自然的流动，尤其是对许多基本解决方案模型（包括理想解决方案）背后的所有假设和思想的分析论证，并且具有几乎可以完全执行的额外优势。从宏观的角度来看。

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