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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Coastal Research: An International Forum for the Littoral Sciences >Evolution of a Swash Zone Berm Nourishment and Influence of Berm Elevation on the Performance of Beach-Nearshore Nourishments along Perdido Key, Florida, USA
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Evolution of a Swash Zone Berm Nourishment and Influence of Berm Elevation on the Performance of Beach-Nearshore Nourishments along Perdido Key, Florida, USA

机译：美国佛罗里达州佩迪多礁沿岸冲积带营养物的演变及其对海拔海滩-近岸营养物性能的影响

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摘要

A nourishment was placed within the swash zone along eastern Perdido Key, Florida, in 2011-2012 using maintenance-dredged material from nearby Pensacola Pass, referred to here as a "swash zone berm nourishment." The study area was divided into three sections, the swash zone berm project and two adjacent areas to the west and east, and was monitored with time series beach surveys. The performance of the 2011-2012 nourishment with a constructed berm elevation of +0.91m North American Vertical Datum 1988 (NAVD88) was compared with two previous nourishments in 1985 and 1989-1991, with +3.0 m NAVD88 and +1.2 m NAVD88 elevations, respectively. The low elevation for the 2011-2012 nourishment allowed natural overwash processes to occur frequently, which resulted in net onshore sediment transport and growth of the active berm. The swash zone berm evolved back to the natural equilibrium profile shape maintained in the study area within 8 months. The high-wave energy conditions associated with the passages of Tropical Storm Debby and Hurricane Isaac accelerated the equilibrium process. Sediment volume gain west of the project area due to longshore spreading of the nourishment occurred mostly in the trough between the shoreline and the bar, rather than on the dry beach. In terms of rate of shoreline retreat, the short 1.2-km 1985 nourishment performed the poorest with a rate of 40 m/y. The long 7.3-km 1989-1991 nourishment performed the best with a retreat rate of 11 m/y. This suggests that high berm elevations do not necessarily lead to better nourishment performance. Instead, longshore extent of a nourishment may dominate project performance. Furthermore, the very high nourishment density of 1550 m(3)/m did not improve nourishment longevity.
机译：在2011-2012年期间，使用附近的Pensacola Pass维修挖出的物料将营养物放置在佛罗里达州Perd​​ido Key东部的冲积带中，在此称为“冲积带护堤”。研究区域分为三个部分，即斜带护堤工程和西，东两个相邻区域，并通过时间序列海滩调查进行了监测。比较了2011-2012年滋养品的性能，其中北美垂直基准1988（NAVD88）的筑堤高程为+ 0.91m，与之前的1985年和1989-1991年的两次滋养品的性能相比较，分别为+3.0 m NAVD88和+1.2 m NAVD88，分别。 2011-2012年营养的低海拔使得自然过度冲洗过程频繁发生，这导致了陆上净沉积物的运输和活跃河道的生长。斜流带边缘在8个月内逐渐恢复为研究区域保持的自然平衡轮廓形状。与热带风暴黛比和艾萨克飓风的通过相关的高能条件加速了平衡过程。由于营养的沿岸扩散，项目区域以西的泥沙量增加主要发生在海岸线和围栏之间的波谷中，而不是在干燥的海滩上。就海岸线的退缩速度而言，1985年的1.2 km短时间营养最差，为40 m / y。 1989年至1991年的7.3公里长的养分表现最好，退缩率为11 m / y。这表明较高的河床高度并不一定会带来更好的营养表现。相反，在沿海地区的营养状况可能会主导项目绩效。此外，非常高的营养密度1550 m（3）/ m不能提高营养寿命。

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