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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology >A Characterization of Cirrus Cloud Properties That Affect Laser Propagation
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A Characterization of Cirrus Cloud Properties That Affect Laser Propagation

机译：影响激光传播的卷云特性的表征

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Future high-altitude laser systems may be affected by cirrus clouds. Laser transmission models were applied to measured and retrieved cirrus properties to determine cirrus impact on power incident on a target or receiver. A major goal was to see how well radiosondes and geostationary satellite imagery could specify the required properties. Based on the use of ground-based radar and lidar measurements as a reference, errors in cirrus-top and cirrus-base height estimates from radiosonde observations were 20%–25% of geostationary satellite retrieval errors. Radiosondes had a perfect cirrus detection rate as compared with 80% for satellite detection. Ice water path and effective particle size were obtained with a published radar–lidar retrieval algorithm and a documented satellite algorithm. Radar–lidar particle size and ice water path were 1.5 and 3 times the satellite retrievals, respectively. Radar–lidar-based laser extinction coefficients were 55% greater than satellite values. Measured radar–lidar cirrus thickness was consistently greater than satellite-retrieved thickness, but radar–lidar microphysical retrieval required detection by both sensors at each range gate, which limited the retrievals’ vertical extent. Greater radar–lidar extinction and greater satellite-based cirrus thickness yielded comparable optical depths for the two independent retrievals. Laser extinction–transmission models applied to radiosonde-retrieved cirrus heights and satellite-retrieved microphysical propertiesrevealed a significant power loss by all models as the laser beam transits the cirrus layer. This suggests that cirrus location is more important than microphysics in high-altitude laser test support. Geostationary satellite imagery may be insufficientin cirrus detection and retrieval accuracy. Humidity-sensitive radiosondes are a potential proxy for ground-based remote sensors in cirrus detection and altitude determination.
机译：未来的高空激光系统可能会受到卷云的影响。将激光传输模型应用于测量和获取的卷云特性，以确定卷云对入射到目标或接收器上的功率的影响。一个主要目标是观察无线电探空仪和对地静止卫星图像如何能够很好地指定所需的属性。基于地面雷达和激光雷达的测量作为参考，无线电探空仪观测的卷云顶和卷云底高度估计误差占地球静止卫星检索误差的20％至25％。无线电探空仪具有良好的卷云探测率，而卫星探测则为80％。冰水路径和有效粒径是通过已发布的雷达-激光雷达检索算法和已记录的卫星算法获得的。雷达-激光雷达的粒径和冰水路径分别是卫星反演的1.5倍和3倍。基于雷达-激光雷达的消光系数比卫星值大55％。测得的雷达-激光雷达卷云厚度始终大于卫星检索的厚度，但是雷达-激光雷达微物理检索需要每个测距门的两个传感器都进行检测，这限制了检索的垂直范围。更大的雷达-激光消光和更大的基于卫星的卷云厚度为两个独立的提取提供了可比的光学深度。当激光束经过卷云层时，适用于无线电探空仪回卷高度和卫星检索微物理特性的激光消光传输模型都显着降低了所有模型的功率损耗。这表明在高空激光测试支持中，卷云的位置比微观物理学更重要。对地静止卫星图像可能不足以对卷云进行检测和检索。对湿度敏感的无线电探空仪是卷云探测和高度确定中基于地面的遥感器的潜在代理。

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