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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of dermatological science >The suppressive effects of ultraviolet radiation on immunity in the skin and internal organs: Implications for autoimmunity
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The suppressive effects of ultraviolet radiation on immunity in the skin and internal organs: Implications for autoimmunity

机译：紫外线对皮肤和内脏器官免疫力的抑制作用：对自身免疫的影响

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摘要

Low doses of sunlight that can be received during normal daily activities suppress immunity in humans. Both ultraviolet (UV) B (290-320. nm) and UVA (320-400. nm) are immunosuppressive. The wavelength dependence in humans shows distinct non-overlapping immunosuppressive peaks of solar effectiveness centred at 310. nm UVB and 370. nm UVA. In murine models of systemic immunosuppression low dose UV inhibits expansion of effector T cells in skin-draining lymph nodes, and retention of dermal effector memory CD8T cells at sites of antigen challenge. In addition to suppressing skin immunity, UV inhibits immunity in internal organs, including activation of CD8 T cells and cytotoxic T cell activity in the spleen, and memory T cell activation in the spleen and bone marrow. Neither of the chromophores responsible for UV suppression of skin immunity, DNA damage and urocanic acid, nor reactive oxygen species are involved in regulation of CD8 T cells in internal organs. Thus UVB impedes the activation and cytotoxicity of antigen-specific T cells in internal organs by mechanisms independent of suppression of skin immunity. These deleterious effects of low dose UV on skin immunity are likely to contribute to skin cancer, however UV suppression of immunity in internal organs may protect from autoimmunity. Epidemiological evidence suggests that sunlight protects from some autoimmune diseases directed towards internal organs. As UV suppression of skin and internal organ immunity appear to occur via different mechanisms, it may be possible to protect skin immunity and therefore reduce skin cancer incidence without preventing UV from reducing autoimmunity in internal organs.
机译：在正常的日常活动中可以接受低剂量的阳光，从而抑制了人类的免疫力。紫外线（UV）B（290-320。nm）和紫外线A（320-400。nm）均具有免疫抑制作用。在人类中，波长依赖性显示出太阳功效的不同的非重叠免疫抑制峰，其集中在310. nm UVB和370. nm UVA。在全身免疫抑制的鼠模型中，低剂量紫外线可抑制效应T细胞在引流皮肤的淋巴结中扩增，并在抗原激发部位抑制真皮效应记忆CD8T细胞。除抑制皮肤免疫力外，紫外线还抑制内部器官的免疫力，包括激活CD8 T细胞和脾脏中的细胞毒性T细胞活性，以及​​激活脾脏和骨髓中的记忆T细胞。负责紫外线抑制皮肤免疫力，DNA损伤和尿烷酸的生色团均不参与内部器官CD8 T细胞的调节。因此，UVB通过独立于抑制皮肤免疫力的机制来阻止内部器官中抗原特异性T细胞的活化和细胞毒性。低剂量紫外线对皮肤免疫力的这些有害影响很可能会导致皮肤癌，但是紫外线对内脏器官免疫力的抑制作用可以防止自身免疫。流行病学证据表明，日光可防止某些针对内脏器官的自身免疫性疾病。由于皮肤和内脏免疫力的紫外线抑制似乎是通过不同的机制发生的，因此有可能在不阻止紫外线降低内脏自身免疫力的情况下保护皮肤免疫力并因此降低皮肤癌的发病率。

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