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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Economic Entomology >Toxicity and horizontal transfer of chlorantraniliprole in the eastern subterranean termite
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Toxicity and horizontal transfer of chlorantraniliprole in the eastern subterranean termite

机译：东部地下白蚁中敌百虫的毒性和水平转移

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摘要

Toxicity and horizontal transmission of chlorantraniliprole were measured against field-collected eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Chlorantraniliprole was highly toxic to termite workers in brief and continuous exposure assays across a range of concentrations from 5 to 100 ppm. All doses tested resulted in 100% mortality in the termites in 14 d. The effect of exposure route (topical, oral, or both) was investigated by exposing termites to treated substrate only, treated food only, or both. Results indicate that exposure route has no significant effect on chlorantraniliprole toxicity and demonstrate that chlorantraniliprole is highly active by feeding and contact. Results of feeding assays (paper consumption tests) demonstrate that as little as 5-ppm chlorantraniliprole applied to sand prevents termites from consuming cellulose that is in contact with the treated sand. Termites on untreated soil consumed 79 ± 3% of the available paper in 3 d, whereas termites on chlorantraniliprole-treated did not consume any paper before they became symptomatic and died. Results of transfer tests demonstrate that chlorantraniliprole is transferred efficiently among the termites. The rate and the level of secondary mortality in the recipient termites depend on both the concentration of chlorantraniliprole and the duration of exposure in the donors. Little secondary mortality was observed with the lowest dose of 5 ppm, which was effective at killing the donor termites, but insufficient to cause mortality in the recipient termites. In contrast, highly efficient transfer was observed with 25 and 50 ppm chlorantraniliprole. Both doses resulted in 100% mortality in the donors and the recipients at 21 d after exposing the recipients to the treated donors. These data demonstrate that chlorantraniliprole has dose-independent toxicity, delayed toxicity, and is readily transferred in eastern subterranean termites.
机译：测定了敌百虫对现场收集的东部地下白蚁（Reticulitermes flavipes（Kollar））的毒性和水平传播。在简短和连续的浓度范围为5至100 ppm的暴露试验中，氯吡虫啉对白蚁工作者具有剧毒。所有测试剂量在14 d内导致白蚁死亡100％。通过将白蚁仅暴露于处理过的基质，仅处理过的食物或两者同时接触，研究了暴露途径（局部，口服或二者兼有）的影响。结果表明，接触途径对氯虫腈的毒性没有显着影响，并表明氯虫腈通过进食和接触具有很高的活性。进料分析（纸张消耗测试）的结果表明，仅用5 ppm的氯吡喃甲腈可防止白蚁消耗与处理过的沙子接触的纤维素。未经处理的土壤上的白蚁在3天内消耗了可用纸的79±3％，而经过氯氰菊酯处理的白蚁在出现症状并死亡之前没有消耗任何纸。转移试验的结果表明，氯虫腈可以在白蚁之间有效转移。受者白蚁的继发死亡率和继发水平取决于毒死的浓度和供体的暴露时间。最低剂量为5 ppm，观察到的继发性死亡极少，该剂量可有效杀死供体白蚁，但不足以引起受体白蚁的死亡。相比之下，使用25和50 ppm的氯金甲酰胺观察到高效转移。在接受者暴露于经治疗的捐赠者后21天，两种剂量均导致捐赠者和接受者100％的死亡率。这些数据表明，扑虫腈具有剂量依赖性的毒性，延迟的毒性，并且易于在东部地下白蚁中转移。

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