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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >The mechanics of explosive seed dispersal in orange jewelweed (Impatiens capensis).
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The mechanics of explosive seed dispersal in orange jewelweed (Impatiens capensis).

机译：爆炸性种子散布在橙色杂草（Impatiens capensis）中的机制。

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摘要

Explosive dehiscence ballistically disperses seeds in a number of plant species. During dehiscence, mechanical energy stored in specialized tissues is transferred to the seeds to increase their kinetic and potential energies. The resulting seed dispersal patterns have been investigated in some ballistic dispersers, but the mechanical performance of a launch mechanism of this type has not been measured. The properties of the energy storage tissue and the energy transfer efficiency of the launch mechanism were quantified in Impatiens capensis. In this species the valves forming the seed pod wall store mechanical energy. Their mass specific energy storage capacity (124 J kgp#) was comparable with that of elastin and spring steel. The energy storage capacity of the pod tissues was determined by their level of hydration, suggesting a role for turgor pressure in the energy storage mechanism. During dehiscence the valves coiled inwards, collapsing the pod and ejecting the seeds. Dehiscence took 4.2pl0.4 ms (mean plSEM, n=13). The estimated efficiency with which energy was transferred to the seeds was low (0.51pl0.26%, mean plSEM, n=13). The mean seed launch angle (17.4pl5.2, mean plSEM, n=45) fell within the range predicted by a ballistic model to maximize dispersal distance. Low ballistic dispersal efficiency or effectiveness may be characteristic of species that also utilize secondary seed dispersal mechanisms.
机译：爆炸性开裂将种子弹道分散在许多植物物种中。在开裂期间，存储在特殊组织中的机械能会转移到种子上，以增加其动能和势能。已经在某些弹道式分散器中研究了所得的种子分散模式，但尚未测量这种类型的发射机构的机械性能。在凤仙花中定量储能组织的性质和发射机理的能量转移效率。在这个物种中，形成种子荚壁的阀门存储机械能。它们的质量比能量存储容量（124 J kgp＃）与弹性蛋白和弹簧钢相当。豆荚组织的能量存储能力由其水合程度决定，这表明膨胀压力在能量存储机制中的作用。在开裂期间，阀门向内盘旋，使豆荚塌陷并弹出种子。裂开花费了4.2pl0.4ms（平均plSEM，n ＝ 13）。能量转移至种子的估计效率较低（0.51pl0.26％，平均plSEM，n = 13）。平均种子发射角（17.4pl5.2，平均plSEM，n = 45）落在弹道模型预测的范围内，以最大程度地分散距离。低弹道扩散效率或效能可能是还利用二级种子扩散机制的物种的特征。

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