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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Dwarf alleles differentially affect barley root traits influencing nitrogen acquisition under low nutrient supply
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Dwarf alleles differentially affect barley root traits influencing nitrogen acquisition under low nutrient supply

机译：矮等位基因在低养分供应下差异影响大麦根系性状，影响氮素吸收

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Sustainable food production depends critically on the development of crop genotypes that exhibit high yield under reduced nutrient inputs. Rooting traits have been widely advocated as being able to influence optimal plant performance, while breeding-based improvements in yield of spring barley suggest that this species is a good model crop. To date, however, molecular genetics knowledge has not delivered realistic plant ideotypes, while agronomic trials have been unable to identify superior traits. This study explores an intermediate experimental system in which root traits and their effect on plant performance can be quantified. As a test case, four modern semi-dwarf barley varieties, which possess either the ari-e.GP or the sdw1 dwarf allele, were compared with the long-stemmed old variety Kenia under two levels of nutrient supply. The two semi-dwarf types differed from Kenia, exhibiting smaller stem mass and total plant nitrogen (N), and improved partitioning of mass and N to grain. Amongst the semi-dwarfs, the two ari-e.GP genotypes performed better than the two sdw1 genotypes under standard and reduced nutrient supply, particularly in root mass, root investment efficiency, N acquisition, and remobilization of N and mass to grain. However, lack of between-genotype variation in yield and N use efficiency indicated limited potential for exploiting genetic variation in existing varieties to improve barley performance under reduced nutrient inputs. Experimental approaches to test the expression of desirable root and shoot traits are scrutinized, and the potential evaluated for developing a spring barley ideotype for low nutrient conditions.
机译：可持续的粮食生产关键取决于作物基因型的发展，这些基因型在减少养分输入的情况下表现出高产。生根性状已被广泛提倡能够影响植物的最佳性能，而基于育种的春bar米产量的提高表明该物种是良好的典范作物。然而，迄今为止，分子遗传学知识尚未提供现实的植物表型，而农艺学试验尚未发现其优良性状。这项研究探索了一个中间实验系统，在该系统中可以量化根系性状及其对植物生长的影响。作为一个测试案例，在两个养分供应水平下，将四个具有ari-e.GP或sdw1矮等位基因的现代半矮大麦品种与长茎的老品种Kenia进行了比较。两种半矮类型与肯尼亚不同，茎质量和植物总氮（N）较小，并且质量和氮在谷物中的分配得到改善。在半矮星中，两种ari-e.GP基因型在标准和减少养分供应的情况下表现优于两种sdw1基因型，尤其是在根重，根系投资效率，氮素吸收以及氮素和氮素向谷物的转运方面。但是，由于缺乏产量和氮素利用效率之间的基因型差异，这表明在减少养分投入的情况下，利用现有品种的遗传变异来改善大麦性能的潜力有限。仔细研究了测试所需根和芽性状表达的实验方法，并评估了在低营养条件下发展春季大麦表型的潜力。

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