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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >The scutellum of germinated wheat grains undergoes programmed cell death: identification of an acidic nuclease involved in nucleus dismantling
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The scutellum of germinated wheat grains undergoes programmed cell death: identification of an acidic nuclease involved in nucleus dismantling

机译：发芽的小麦籽粒的盾片经历了程序性的细胞死亡：参与核解体的酸性核酸酶的鉴定

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摘要

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a crucial phenomenon in the life cycle of cereal grains. In germinating grains, the scutellum allows the transport of nutrients from the starchy endosperm to the growing embryo, and therefore it may be the last grain tissue to undergo PCD. Thus, the aim of this work was to analyse whether the scutellum of wheat grains undergoes PCD and to perform a morphological and biochemical analysis of this process. Scutellum cells of grains following germination showed a progressive increase of DNA fragmentation, and the TUNEL assay showed that PCD extended in an apical-to-basal gradient along the scutellum affecting epidermal and parenchymal cells. Electron-transmission microscopy revealed high cytoplasm vacuolation, altered mitochondria, and the presence of double-membrane structures, which might constitute symptoms of vacuolar cell death, whereas the nucleus appeared lobed and had an increased heterochromatin content as the most distinctive features. An acid- and Zn2+-dependent nucleolytic activity was identified in nuclear extracts of scutellum cells undergoing PCD. This nuclease was not detected in grains imbibed in the presence of abscisic acid, which inhibited germination. This nucleolytic activity promoted DNA fragmentation in vitro on nuclei isolated from healthy cells, thus suggesting a main role in nucleus dismantling during PCD.
机译：程序性细胞死亡（PCD）是谷物生命周期中的关键现象。在发芽谷物中，盾片可以将营养物质从淀粉质胚乳运输到生长中的胚芽，因此它可能是最后经历PCD的谷物组织。因此，这项工作的目的是分析小麦籽粒的盾片是否经过PCD并对该过程进行形态学和生化分析。种子发芽后的盾片细胞显示DNA片段的增加，而TUNEL分析表明PCD沿着盾片从根尖到基底的梯度延伸，影响表皮和实质细胞。电子透射显微镜显示高细胞质空泡，线粒体改变和双膜结构的存在，可能构成液泡细胞死亡的症状，而细胞核呈浅裂状，异染色质含量增加是最明显的特征。在经历PCD的盾片细胞核提取物中鉴定出依赖酸和Zn2 +的溶核活性。在脱落酸的存在下吸收的谷物中未检测到该核酸酶，从而抑制了发芽。这种溶核活性促进了体外从健康细胞分离出的细胞核上的DNA片段化，因此表明PCD期间在细胞核拆卸中起主要作用。

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