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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Ethylene and reactive oxygen species are involved in root aerenchyma formation and adaptation of wheat seedlings to oxygen-deficient conditions
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Ethylene and reactive oxygen species are involved in root aerenchyma formation and adaptation of wheat seedlings to oxygen-deficient conditions

机译：乙烯和活性氧参与根系气孔形成和小麦幼苗对缺氧条件的适应

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Exposing plants to hypoxic conditions greatly improves their anoxic stress tolerance by enhancing the activities of glycolysis and fermentation in roots. Ethylene may also be involved in these adaptive responses because its synthesis is increased in roots under hypoxic conditions. Here it is reported that pre-treatment of wheat seedlings with an ethylene precursor, 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACC), enhanced accumulation of ethylene in the roots of wheat seedlings, and enhanced their tolerance of oxygen-deficient conditions through increasing the expression of genes encoding ethanol fermentation enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and pyruvate decarboxylase, in the roots. Lysigenous aerenchyma formation in root was induced by ACC pre-treatment and was further induced by growth under oxygen-deficient conditions. ACC pre-treatment increased the expression of three genes encoding respiratory burst oxidase homologue (a plant homologue of gp91(phox) in NADPH oxidase), which has a role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in roots of seedlings. Co-treatment with ACC and an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium, partly suppressed the ACC-induced responses. These results suggest that ethylene and ROS are involved in adaptation of wheat seedlings to oxygen-deficient conditions through controlling lysigenous aerenchyma formation and the expression of genes encoding ethanol fermentation enzymes.
机译：通过增强根部的糖酵解和发酵活性，将植物置于低氧条件下可大大提高其缺氧胁迫耐受性。乙烯也可能参与这些适应性反应，因为在缺氧条件下，其合成在根部增加。据报道，用乙烯前体1-氨基环丙烷甲酸（ACC）预处理小麦幼苗，通过增加基因的表达增强了乙烯在小麦幼苗根部的积累，并增强了其对缺氧条件的耐受性在根部编码乙醇发酵酶，乙醇脱氢酶和丙酮酸脱羧酶。 ACC预处理可诱导根中的异源性气孔形成，而缺氧条件下的生长会进一步诱导根源。 ACC预处理增加了三个编码呼吸爆发性氧化酶同源物（NADPH氧化酶中gp91（phox）的植物同源物）的基因的表达，这三个基因在幼苗根系中产生活性氧（ROS）。与ACC和NADPH氧化酶抑制剂联苯二碘铵共同处理可部分抑制ACC诱导的反应。这些结果表明乙烯和活性氧通过控制溶源性气孔形成和编码乙醇发酵酶的基因的表达参与小麦幼苗适应缺氧条件。

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