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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Barley disease susceptibility factor RACB acts in epidermal cell polarity and positioning of the nucleus
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Barley disease susceptibility factor RACB acts in epidermal cell polarity and positioning of the nucleus

机译：大麦疾病敏感性因子RACB作用于表皮细胞极性和细胞核定位

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摘要

The barley GTPase RACB is a disease susceptibility factor. However, RACB is not a key regulator of plant immune responses but acts in polar cell development.RHO GTPases are regulators of cell polarity and immunity in eukaryotes. In plants, RHO-like RAC/ROP GTPases are regulators of cell shaping, hormone responses, and responses to microbial pathogens. The barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) RAC/ROP protein RACB is required for full susceptibility to penetration by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh), the barley powdery mildew fungus. Disease susceptibility factors often control host immune responses. Here we show that RACB does not interfere with early microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immune responses such as the oxidative burst or activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. RACB also supports rather than restricts expression of defence-related genes in barley. Instead, silencing of RACB expression by RNAi leads to defects in cell polarity. In particular, initiation and maintenance of root hair growth and development of stomatal subsidiary cells by asymmetric cell division is affected by silencing expression of RACB. Nucleus migration is a common factor of developmental cell polarity and cell-autonomous interaction with Bgh. RACB is required for positioning of the nucleus near the site of attack from Bgh. We therefore suggest that Bgh profits from RACB's function in cell polarity rather than from immunity-regulating functions of RACB.
机译：大麦GTPase RACB是一种疾病易感性因子。然而，RACB不是植物免疫反应的关键调节因子，而是在极性细胞发育中起作用。RHO GTPases是真核生物中细胞极性和免疫力的调节因子。在植物中，类似RHO的RAC / ROP GTPases是细胞形态，激素反应以及对微生物病原体反应的调节剂。大麦（Hordeum vulgare L.）RAC / ROP蛋白RACB是完全易受Blumeria graminis f.sp.侵袭的必需物质。大麦白粉病真菌hordei（Bgh）。疾病易感性因素通常控制宿主的免疫反应。在这里，我们显示RACB不会干扰早期的微生物相关分子模式触发的免疫反应，例如氧化爆发或丝裂原激活的蛋白激酶的激活。 RACB还支持而不是限制大麦中与防御相关的基因的表达。相反，RNAi使RACB表达沉默会导致细胞极性缺陷。尤其是，通过不对称细胞分裂引发和维持根毛的生长和气孔辅助细胞的发育受到RACB沉默表达的影响。核迁移是发育细胞极性和与Bgh发生细胞自主相互作用的共同因素。需要RACB才能将核定位在Bgh的攻击部位附近。因此，我们建议Bgh从RACB在细胞极性上的功能中获益，而不是从RACB的免疫调节功能中受益。

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