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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Psychology. General >Magnitude Comparison Extended: How Lack of Knowledge Informs Comparative Judgments Under Uncertainty
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Magnitude Comparison Extended: How Lack of Knowledge Informs Comparative Judgments Under Uncertainty

机译：幅度比较扩展：不确定性下知识的缺乏如何通知比较判断

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摘要

How do people compare quantitative attributes of real-world objects? (e.g., Which country has the higher per capita GDP, Mauritania or Nepal?). The research literature on this question is divided: Although researchers in the 1970s and 1980s assumed that a 2-stage magnitude comparison process underlies these types of judgments (Banks, 1977), more recent approaches emphasize the role of probabilistic cues and simple heuristics (Gigerenzer, Todd, & The ABC Research Group. 1999). In this article, we review the magnitude comparison literature and propose a framework for magnitude comparison under uncertainty (MaC). Predictions from this framework were tested in a choice context involving one recognized and one unrecognized object, and were contrasted with those based on the recognition heuristic (Goldstein & Gigerenzer, 2002). This was done in 2 paired-comparison studies. In both, participants were timed as they decided which of 2 countries had the higher per capita gross domestic product (GDP). Consistent with the MaC account, we found that response times (RTs) displayed a classic symbolic distance effect: RTs were inversely related to the- difference between the subjective per capita GDPs of the compared countries. Furthermore, choice of the recognized country became more frequent as subjective difference increased. These results indicate that the magnitude comparison process extends to choice contexts that have previously been associated only with cue-based strategies. We end by discussing how several findings reported in the recent heuristics literature relate to the MaC framework.
机译：人们如何比较现实世界对象的定量属性？ （例如，哪个国家的人均GDP较高，毛里塔尼亚还是尼泊尔？）。关于这个问题的研究文献存在分歧：尽管1970年代和1980年代的研究人员认为，两级幅度比较过程是这些类型的判断的基础（Banks，1977），但最近的方法强调了概率线索和简单启发式的作用（Gigerenzer）。 ，Todd和ABC研究小组（1999）。在本文中，我们回顾了幅度比较文献，并提出了不确定性（MaC）下幅度比较的框架。在选择上下文中测试了该框架的预测，其中涉及一个已识别对象和一​​个未识别对象，并与基于识别启发式方法的预测进行了对比（Goldstein＆Gigerenzer，2002）。这是在2个配对比较研究中完成的。在这两个国家中，参与者都被确定了时间，因为他们确定了两个国家中哪个国家的人均国内生产总值（GDP）较高。与MaC帐户一致，我们发现响应时间（RTs）显示出经典的符号距离效应：RTs与所比较国家的主观人均GDP之间的差异成反比。此外，随着主观差异的增加，对认可国家的选择也变得更加频繁。这些结果表明，幅度比较过程扩展到以前仅与基于提示的策略相关联的选择上下文。最后，我们讨论最近启发式文献中报道的一些发现与MaC框架之间的关系。

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