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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Psychology. General >Perceptual Similarity Affects the Learning Curve (but Not Necessarily Learning)
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Perceptual Similarity Affects the Learning Curve (but Not Necessarily Learning)

机译：感知相似性影响学习曲线（但不是必须学习）

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摘要

What role does item similarity play in motor skill acquisition? To examine this question, we used a modified version of the chord learning task (Seibel, 1963) that entails producing simultaneous finger key presses, similar to playing a chord on a piano. In Experiment I, difficulty, as indexed by response time (RT) to a particular chord on the first session, was held constant, and chords that were similar to other chords had longer RTs after practice than dissimilar chords. In Experiment 2, we used chords that produced different initial RTs to show that similarity affected asymptotic RT rather than the size of RT decrement achieved with practice. In Experiment 3, we eliminated differences in perceptual similarity by using Chinese characters for stimuli while retaining differences in motoric similarity, which resulted in nearly identical asymptotes for similar and dissimilar chords. Thus, the density effect observed in Experiments 1 and 2 appears to stem from competition triggered by similar stimuli. Because performance differences were immediately re-established when stimulus similarity was introduced in Experiment 3 during transfer sessions, competition appears to emerge among learned, central representations that can be coactivated by multiple stimuli.
机译：项目相似性在运动技能获取中扮演什么角色？为了研究这个问题，我们使用了和弦学习任务的修改版本（Seibel，1963年），该任务需要同时产生手指按下的声音，类似于在钢琴上弹奏和弦。在实验I中，难度（由响应和响应时间（RT）表示）在第一阶段保持不变，并且与其他和弦类似的和弦在练习后的RT比非和弦更长。在实验2中，我们使用产生不同初始RT的和弦来表明，相似度会影响渐近RT，而不是练习中达到的RT递减大小。在实验3中，我们通过使用汉字作为刺激消除了感知相似性的差异，同时保留了运动相似性的差异，这导致相似和不相似的和弦几乎相同。因此，实验1和2中观察到的密度效应似乎源于相似刺激引发的竞争。由于在转移阶段在实验3中引入刺激相似性后，性能差异会立即重新建立，因此竞争似乎出现在可以通过多种刺激共同激活的学习型中央代表之间。

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