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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Fish Biology >Selective exploitation of early running fish may induce genetic andphenotypic changes in Atlantic salmon
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Selective exploitation of early running fish may induce genetic andphenotypic changes in Atlantic salmon

机译：对早期流产鱼类的选择性开发可能会诱导大西洋鲑鱼的遗传和表型变化

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摘要

Genetic evidence for the selective exploitation by anglers of early running fish was examined in four Iberian Atlantic salmon populations using protein and mtDNA markers. The populations studied had been exploited exclusively by anglers since 1949 during a fixed fishing season that ran approximately from March to July. Genetic variation at six protein loci was small and was accounted for by the MEP-2* and MDH-3,4* polymorphisms, which generally remained stable over time and were in Castle-Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium during the fishing season. Early running fish that had spent multiple winters at sea (MSW) generally had higher frequencies of the common MEP-2*(100) allele than did late running, one sea winter (1SW) grilse that were significantly smaller and tended to escape the fishery. Spawners differed from angler caught fish in their mtDNA frequencies and consistently had a lower sea-age and a smaller body size. Spawners also smolted at an older age and displayed lower frequencies of the MEP-2*(100) allele in three of the four populations studied. These results suggest that in these rivers anglers selectively exploit a distinct component of the population and inadvertently cause a differential mortality of genetic types that is likely to be detrimental to population viability.
机译：使用蛋白质和mtDNA标记物在四个伊比利亚大西洋鲑鱼种群中检查了垂钓者对早期游动鱼类进行选择性开发的遗传证据。自1949年以来，在大约3月至7月的一个固定捕鱼季节中，垂钓者专门开发了这些种群。 MEP-2 *和MDH-3,4 *多态性在六个蛋白质基因座处的遗传变异很小，这些多态性通常随时间保持稳定，并且在捕鱼季节处于Castle-Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。通常，较早运行的鱼类在海上度过了多个冬季（MSW），与较晚运行的鱼类相比，常见的MEP-2 *（100）等位基因的频率更高，其中一个海上冬季（1SW）的ils头明显较小，易于逃离渔业。养殖者的线粒体DNA频率不同于垂钓者捕获的鱼类，并且始终具有较低的海洋年龄和较小的体型。在研究的四个种群中的三个种群中，产卵者也变老了，并显示出较低的MEP-2 *（100）等位基因频率。这些结果表明，在这些河流中，垂钓者有选择地利用了种群的独特组成部分，无意间造成了遗传类型的不同死亡率，这有可能不利于种群生存。

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