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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Fish Biology >Evidence of reproductive isolation among closely related sympatricspecies of Serrasalmus (Ostariophysii, Characidae) from the UpperMadeira River, Amazon, Bolivia
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Evidence of reproductive isolation among closely related sympatricspecies of Serrasalmus (Ostariophysii, Characidae) from the UpperMadeira River, Amazon, Bolivia

机译：来自玻利维亚亚马逊河上马德拉河的Serrasalmus（Ostariophysii，Characidae）密切相关同胞种之间生殖隔离的证据

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摘要

The delimitation of the Serrasalmus species (Characiformes, Serrasalminae) from the Bolivian Amazon (Amazonas, Madeira) was examined using intron length polymorphism assessed by EPIC-PCR. The six pairs of primers provided 16 polymorphic loci across the species of the region and the allelic diversity ranged between two and 10 alleles per locus. For each locus, the lack of departure from Hardy-Weinberg expectations in a large number of the populations analysed and the homogenous distribution of linkage disequilibrium between paralogous loci and loci belonging to different intronic systems provided strong lines of evidence that the 16 amplified loci constituted independent neutral markers. Furthermore, allelic diversity was size-dependent, thereby indicating that insertion-deletions occurred frequently but randomly in introns, and that intron length polymorphism was a valid marker for investigating the systematics of piranhas. EPIC-PCR demonstrated that eight of the nine nominal species of piranha of the Upper Madeira were reproductively isolated and identified a new species that differed from its closest morphological and genetic relatives by seven diagnostic or semi-diagnostic loci. By contrast, no diagnostic or semi-diagnostic locus was found between S. spilopleura and S. eigenmanni, nor were their allelic frequencies different, thereby questioning the validity of their biological species status, at least in the Upper Madeira. This study, which was one of the first applications of EPIC-PCR to a large-scale molecular systematic purpose, demonstrates that it is a rapid, reliable and cost-effective tool for elucidating issues pertaining to fish systematics.
机译：使用通过EPIC-PCR评估的内含子长度多态性检查了来自玻利维亚亚马逊（Amazonas，马德拉群岛）的Serrasalmus物种（Characiformes，Serrasalminae）的定界。六对引物在整个区域的物种中提供了16个多态位点，等位基因多样性在每个基因座2至10个等位基因之间。对于每个基因座，在大量分析的人群中都没有偏离哈迪-温伯格的预期，并且旁系同源基因座和属于不同内含子系统的基因座之间的连锁不平衡现象的均匀分布提供了有力的证据，表明16个扩增基因座构成了独立的中性标记。此外，等位基因多样性是大小依赖的，从而表明插入缺失在内含子中频繁发生，但随机发生，并且内含子长度多态性是研究食人鱼系统的有效标志。 EPIC-PCR显示，上马德拉群岛的9个食人鱼标本物种中有8个是繁殖分离的，并通过7个诊断或半诊断基因座鉴定出与其最接近的形态和遗传近缘种不同的新物种。相比之下，在S. spilopleura和S. eigenmanni之间没有发现诊断或半诊断性基因座，它们的等位基因频率也没有不同，因此，至少在上马德拉群岛，它们的生物学物种状态是否有效受到质疑。这项研究是EPIC-PCR在大规模分子系统研究中的首批应用之一，证明了它是一种快速，可靠且具有成本效益的工具，用于阐明与鱼类系统研究有关的问题。

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