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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Fish Biology >Effects of fish farm effluents on egg-to-fry development and survival of brown trout in artificial redds.
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Effects of fish farm effluents on egg-to-fry development and survival of brown trout in artificial redds.

机译：养鱼场废水对人工鱼群中卵到卵的发育和鳟鱼生存的影响。

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摘要

Egg-to-fry development and survival of brown trout Salmo trutta were compared in two rivers of the Pyrenean piedmont, the Nive d'Arneguy, with few human activities, and the Nive des Aldudes, with many anthropogenic activities including 11 fish farms and two sewage treatment plants (STPs). Survival was estimated between spawning (early December) and emergence time (early March) by means of capsules, 7 cm3 in volume, filled with green eggs then inserted into the gravel of artificial redds at spawning sites. In the Nive des Aldudes, three sets of conditions were studied: a fish farm near the springs, a fish farm and an STP in a village, and a series of fish farms and an STP in a village. In each situation, two artificial redds were created upstream and two others downstream from the fish farms. In the Nive d'Arneguy, four sites were equipped: each of the two downstream sites with two artificial redds, and the two upstream sites with one redd. Substratum characteristics (proportion of fine particles) and the quality of surface and interstitial water (oxygen content, ammonia and nitrite nitrogen) were periodically measured. There was no redd substratum difference between sites upstream and downstream of fish farms. Survival to fry emergence was higher in the Nive d'Arneguy (63.5%) than in the Nive des Aldudes (47.7%). In this latter river, the nitrogen released from the STPs was 0.5% that from fish farms. Fish farming impaired survival close to fish farm effluents (31.6%), as compared to survival upstream (63.6%), and induced a development delay during the yolk-sac fry stage. These differences were mainly linked to a drop in the dissolved oxygen content in interstitial water induced by the nitrogen flow in surface and interstitial waters..
机译：在比利牛斯山麓的两条河流，尼弗河和人类活动较少的尼维河上，比较了褐鳟鲑鱼的卵到鱼的发育和存活情况，这两条河的人类活动很多，其中包括11个养鱼场和两个污水处理厂（STP）。估计产卵期（12月初）和出苗时间（3月初）之间的存活，方法是用容量为7 cm3的胶囊装满绿色鸡蛋，然后将其插入产卵部位的人工红砾石中。在Nive des Aldudes，研究了三套条件：温泉附近的一个养鱼场，一个村庄的一个养鱼场和一个STP，以及一个村庄中的一系列养鱼场和一个STP。在每种情况下，在养鱼场的上游创建了两个人工冲裁，在下游创建了两个人工冲裁。在Nive d'Arneguy，配备了四个站点：两个下游站点中的每个站点都进行了两次人工修改，两个上游站点中的每个站点进行了一次修改。定期测量基质特性（细颗粒的比例）以及表面和间隙水的质量（氧含量，氨和亚硝酸盐氮）。养鱼场的上游和下游站点之间没有变红的基质差异。 Nive d'Arneguy（63.5％）的存活率高于Nive des Aldudes（47.7％）。在后一条河流中，STP释放的氮为养鱼场的0.5％。与上游的生存率（63.6％）相比，养鱼业损害了接近养鱼场废水的生存率（31.6％），并导致卵黄囊苗期的发育延迟。这些差异主要与地表水和间隙水中的氮流引起的间隙水中溶解氧含量的下降有关。

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