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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Fish Biology >Artificial waterway design affects fish assemblages in urban estuaries
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Artificial waterway design affects fish assemblages in urban estuaries

机译：人工水道设计影响城市河口的鱼类组合

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Fishes were collected from residential canal estates leading directly off natural estuaries and artificial lakes with control tidal exchange in south-east Queensland, Australia, to test the model that the difference in artificial waterway design affects fish assemblages. A total of 17 779 fish representing 52 species was caught, including 23 species of economic importance (45% of the catch). Total fish abundance and species richness differed little among sites within or between the two artificial habitats (canals and lakes) in either of the seasons sampled (winter and spring). Multivariate analysis showed, however, that assemblages differed among sites within the same artificial habitat. The differences were best explained by the distance sites were from open water, while salinity, water temperature and dissolved oxygen explained little of the variability. Most species were found in canals and lakes, but there were enough differences in composition between the habitats to detect a difference in both seasons (significant ANOSIM tests). Salinity was lower in lakes because of the tidal restrictions, and while this was only weakly correlated with differences in fish assemblages, it had the most explanatory power of any environmental variable. New recruits arrived later in lakes than canals, perhaps because of the barriers to tidal flow. A survey the following year showed that differences among individual lakes were consistent through time, offering insights into the influence of different tidal barriers on fish assemblages. The design change from canals to lakes has a minor influence on fish assemblages and alters the timing of recruitment.
机译：从澳大利亚昆士兰州东南部的自然河口和人工湖直接引出潮汐交换的居民运河中收集鱼类，以检验该模型的差异，即人工水道设计的不同会影响鱼群。总共捕获了代表52种鱼的17779条鱼，其中包括23种具有重要经济价值的鱼（占捕获量的45％）。在两个采样季节的任何一个季节（冬季和春季）内，两个人工生境（运河和湖泊）之内或之间的位置之间的总鱼类丰度和物种丰富度差异不大。但是，多变量分析表明，同一人工栖息地内不同地点的组合不同。最好用距离开放水域的距离来解释差异，而盐度，水温和溶解氧解释的差异很小。在运河和湖泊中发现了大多数物种，但是生境之间的成分差异足够大，可以检测到两个季节的差异（重大的ANOSIM测试）。由于潮汐的限制，盐度在湖泊中较低，尽管这仅与鱼类组成的差异弱相关，但在任何环境变量中，盐度的解释力最强。新兵比运河晚到达湖泊，这可能是由于潮汐流的障碍。次年的一项调查显示，各个湖泊之间的差异随着时间的推移是一致的，从而洞察了不同潮汐屏障对鱼类种群的影响。从运河到湖泊的设计变更对鱼群影响不大，并改变了捕捞时间。

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