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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of genetics >A comparative study of the molecular evolution of signalling pathway members across olfactory, gustatory and photosensory modalities
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A comparative study of the molecular evolution of signalling pathway members across olfactory, gustatory and photosensory modalities

机译：嗅觉，味觉和光敏方式信号通路成员分子进化的比较研究

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All sensory modalities serve a similar objective, which is to decode input by making predictions in time and space about an animal’s surroundings. The evolution of sensory modalities is driven by the need to shape effective behavioural outputs, and in turn increase survival. Throughout evolution, sensory systems have undergone a great deal of specialization; and even though some modalities are derived from unique origins within different phyla, they still exhibit many common design features (Strausfeld and Hildebrand 1999; Eisthen 2002; Jacobs et al. 2007). We now have detailed mechanistic data on how sensory systems operate within specific animals (Buck and Axel 1991; Chalasani et al. 2007; Sato et al. 2008; Wicher et al. 2008), however it is still not clear how sensory signalling pathways evolve at the molecular level, and whether these evolutionary mechanisms are shared between diverse taxa. Here we set out to investigate the molecular evolution of signalling pathway members across olfactory, gustatory, and photosensory modalities from very divergent phyla in an attempt to develop a model of molecular evolution for sensory systems. From our pairwise intraphylum analysis we found that sensory signalling pathways unusually undergo high levels of functional constraint that are higher than genomewide global levels of constraint, and this purifying selection is common within the very divergent taxa we examined. We also find that gene duplication events represent a conserved but heterogeneous driver of evolution within sensory signalling pathways. Taken together, we propose a ‘sessile’ mechanism of sensory signalling pathway evolution, which on one sidefacilitates bursts of gene duplication and relaxed selection and on the other side it is unusually anchored by high levels of selective constraint that preserves core sensory function.
机译：所有的感觉方式都具有相似的目的，即通过对动物周围环境进行时空预测来解码输入。感觉模态的发展受到塑造有效行为输出的需求的驱动，进而增加了生存率。在整个进化过程中，感觉系统已经经历了许多专业化。尽管某些形态是从不同门中的独特起源衍生而来的，但它们仍然表现出许多共同的设计特征（Strausfeld和Hildebrand 1999; Eisthen 2002; Jacobs等人2007）。现在，我们已经获得了有关特定动物内感觉系统如何运作的详细机械数据（Buck和Axel 1991; Chalasani等人2007; Sato等人2008; Wicher等人2008），但是尚不清楚感觉信号通路如何进化在分子水平上，以及这些进化机制是否在不同分类群之间共享。在这里，我们着手研究信号通路成员的分子进化过程，这些信号途径分子来自非常不同的门，贯穿嗅觉，味觉和光敏模式，以试图为感觉系统开发分子进化模型。从我们的双胞胎内部分析中，我们发现感觉信号通路异常地经历了高水平的功能约束，而该水平高于全基因组范围的整体约束水平，并且这种纯化选择在我们研究的非常不同的分类单元中很常见。我们还发现，基因复制事件代表了在传感信号通路内进化的保守但异质驱动。综上所述，我们提出了一种感觉信号通路进化的“固执”机制，其一方面促进了基因复制和放松选择的爆发，另一方面，它又被高水平的选择性限制所锚定，从而保留了核心的感觉功能。

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