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Genetic correlations: transient truths of adaptive evolution

机译：遗传相关：适应性进化的瞬时真相

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The concept of 'truth', arguably, exists only in the discourse of poets and mathematicians. The rest of us have to make do by replacing the sublime 'truth' by the more mundane 'consistency'. Much thinking in evolution is based on the implicit notion of consistency in the relationship among fitness traits, relationships that can either facilitate or constrain certain evolutionary trajectories being taken by a population. Such thinking is exemplified by the notion of tradeoffs that is ubiquitous in the study of life-history evolution (Prasad and Joshi 2003). Formal theory, on the other hand, clearly suggests that genetic correlations can change in the process of adaptive evolution, being partly a function of allele frequencies (Falconer 1981). Thus, the question remains as to whether, genetic correlations among traits are really consistent across populations and evolutionary time, at least in the short to medium term? Though several studies have previously addressed the issue of consistency of trait correlations within and across environments (e.g. Wilkinson et al. 1990; Joshi and Thompson 1995, 1997; Bell 1997), three recently published studies (Archer et al. 2003; Chippindale et al. 2003 and Phelan et al. 2003) deserve mention for their magnitude and scope, experimental design and rigour, and the consequent ability to determine the causes for chang ein trait correlation with greater confidence by controlling for various confounding factors.
机译：可以说，“真相”的概念仅存在于诗人和数学家的论述中。我们其余的人必须用更平凡的“一致性”代替崇高的“真相”。进化中的许多思考都基于适应性状之间的一致性的隐含概念，这些特征可以促进或限制人口所采取的某些进化轨迹。生命历史进化研究中普遍存在的折衷概念可以说明这种思想（Prasad and Joshi 2003）。另一方面，形式理论清楚地表明，遗传相关性可以在适应性进化的过程中发生变化，部分是等位基因频率的函数（Falconer 1981）。因此，仍然存在一个问题，即至少在短期到中期，性状之间的遗传相关性在整个种群和进化时间之间是否真的一致？尽管之前有几项研究解决了环境内和跨环境性状相关性一致性的问题（例如Wilkinson等人1990; Joshi和Thompson 1995，1997; Bell 1997），但最近发表了三项研究（Archer等人2003; Chippindale等人）。 （2003年和Phelan等人，2003年）值得一提的是，它们的大小和范围，实验设计和严谨性，以及随后通过控制各种混杂因素而更有把握地确定改变性状相关性的原因的能力。

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