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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of genetics >Dynamics of sex expression and chromosome diversity in Cucurbitaceae: a story in the making
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Dynamics of sex expression and chromosome diversity in Cucurbitaceae: a story in the making

机译：葫芦科中性别表达和染色体多样性的动态：一个正在发生的故事

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摘要

The family Cucurbitaceae showcases a wide range of sexual phenotypes being variedly regulated by biological and environmental factors. In the present context, we have tried to assemble reports of cytogenetic investigations carried out in cucurbits accompanied by information on sex expression diversities and chromosomal or molecular basis of sex determination in dioecious (or other sexual types, if reported) taxa known so far. Most of the Cucurbitaceae tribes have mixed sexual phenotypes with varying range of chromosome numbers and hence, ancestral conditions become difficult to probe. Occurrence of polyploidy is rare in the family and has no influence on sexual traits. The sex determination mechanisms have been elucidated in some well-studied taxa like Bryonia, Coccinia and Cucumis showing interplay of genic, biochemical, developmental and sometimes chromosomal determinants. Substantial knowledge about genic and molecular sex differentiation has been obtained for genera like Momordica, Cucurbita and Trichosanthes. The detailed information on sex determination schemes, genomic sequences and molecular phylogenetic relationships facilitate further comprehensive investigations in the tribe Bryonieae. The discovery of organ identity genes and sex-specific sequences regulating sexual behaviour in Coccinia, Cucumis and Cucurbita opens up opportunities of relevant investigations to answer yet unaddressed questions pertaining to floral unisexuality, dioecy and chromosome evolution in the family. The present discussion brings the genera in light, previously recognized under subfamily Nhandiroboideae, where the study of chromosome cytology and sex determination mechanisms can simplify our understanding of sex expression pathways and its phylogenetic impacts.
机译：葫芦科家族表现出广泛的性表型，其受生物学和环境因素的调控。在目前的背景下，我们试图汇总迄今已知的在葫芦科中进行的细胞遗传学研究报告，并附有有关性别表达多样性以及确定雌雄异体（或其他性爱类型，如果有报道的话）类群的性别确定的染色体或分子基础的信息。大多数葫芦科部落具有混合的性表型，其染色体数目范围不同，因此，祖先条件变得难以探测。多倍体的发生在家庭中很少见，并且对性状没有影响。性别决定机制已在一些经过深入研究的类群中阐明，如Bryonia，Coccinia和Cucumis，它们显示了基因，生化，发育以及有时是染色体决定簇之间的相互作用。已经获得了关于苦瓜属，葫芦科和毛果天蛾属的基因和分子性别分化的大量知识。有关性别确定方案，基因组序列和分子系统发育关系的详细信息，有助于在Bryonieae部落中进行进一步的综合研究。在西兰花，黄瓜和南瓜属中发现器官同一性基因和性别特异性序列来调节性行为，为相关的研究提供了机会，以回答尚未解决的与花卉单性，雌雄异体和染色体进化有关的问题。目前的讨论揭示了该属，以前在亚热带亚科（Nhandiroboideae）之下得到了认可，在该科中，染色体细胞学和性别决定机制的研究可以简化我们对性别表达途径及其系统发育影响的理解。

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