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New Y chromosomes and early stages of sex chromosome differentiation: Sex determination in Megaselia

机译:新的Y染色体和性染色体分化的早期阶段:Megaselia中的性别确定。

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The phorid fly Megaselia scalaris is a laboratory model for the turnover and early differentiation of sex chromosomes. Isolates from the field have an XY sex-determining mechanism with chromosome pair 2 acting as X and Y chromosomes. The sex chromosomes are homomorphic but display early signs of sex chromosome differentiation: a low level of molecular differences between X and Y. The male-determining function (M), maps to the distal part of the Y chromosome's short arm. In laboratory cultures, new Y chromosomes with no signs of a molecular differentiation arise at a low rate, probably by transposition of M to these chromosomes. Downstream of the primary signal, the homologue of the Drosophila doublesex (dsx) is part of the sex-determining pathway while Sex-lethal (Sxl), though structurally conserved, is not.
机译:拟蝇Megaselia scalaris是性染色体更新和早期分化的实验室模型。野外分离株具有XY性别决定机制,其中第2对染色体分别充当X和Y染色体。性染色体是同态的,但显示出性染色体分化的早期迹象:X和Y之间的分子差异较低。雄性决定功能(M)映射到Y染色体短臂的远端。在实验室培养中,没有分子分化迹象的新Y染色体以低速率出现,可能是由于M转座到这些染色体上。在主要信号的下游,果蝇doublesex(dsx)的同系物是决定性别的途径的一部分,而性致死(Sxl)虽然在结构上是保守的,但不是。

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