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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology >Alzheimer's disease and the aging brain.
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Alzheimer's disease and the aging brain.

机译：老年痴呆症和大脑老化。

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摘要

The frequencies of each of the several types of dementia are enumerated, showing that Alzheimer's disease is present in about 80% of cases. Cerebral changes associated with cognitively normal aging include shrinkage of large cortical neurons but not a significant loss of total neuronal number. Nevertheless, the population density of synapses measured by confocal microscopy does decline significantly in normal aging. The classical lesions of Alzheimer's disease are neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, and their frequency correlates with declining cognitive measures. Although amyloid is prominent in plaques, it is probably not the agent of destruction. That role seems to be held by Abeta oligomers. The strongest structural correlate with cognitive tests is synapse loss, which is probably caused by Abeta oligopeptides in the terminal axons and dendrites.
机译：列举了几种类型的痴呆症的频率，表明约80％的病例中存在阿尔茨海默氏病。与认知正常衰老相关的脑部变化包括大皮质神经元的萎缩，但神经元总数没有明显减少。然而，通过共聚焦显微镜测量的突触的种群密度在正常衰老中确实显着下降。阿尔茨海默氏病的经典病灶是神经炎斑块和神经原纤维缠结，其发生频率与认知指标下降有关。尽管淀粉样蛋白在斑块中很明显，但它可能不是破坏剂。该作用似乎由Abeta低聚物承担。与认知测试最强的结构相关性是突触损失，这可能是由末端轴突和树突中的Abeta寡肽引起的。

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