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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, C. Oceans: JGR >Assessing the oceanic control on the amplitude of sea surface cooling induced by tropical cyclones
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Assessing the oceanic control on the amplitude of sea surface cooling induced by tropical cyclones

机译：评估热带气旋引起的海面降温幅度的海洋控制

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摘要

Tropical cyclones (TCs) induce sea surface cooling that feeds back negatively on their intensity. Previous studies indicate that the cooling magnitude depends on oceanic conditions as well as TC characteristics, but this oceanic control has been poorly documented. We investigate the oceanic influence on TC-induced cooling using a global ocean model experiment that realistically samples the ocean response to more than 3,000 TCs over the last 30years. We derive a physically grounded oceanic parameter, the Cooling Inhibition index (CI), which measures the potential energy input required to cool the ocean surface through vertical mixing, and hence accounts for the pre-storm upper-ocean stratification resistance to TC-induced cooling. The atmospheric control is described using the wind power index (WPi), a proxy of the kinetic energy transferred to the ocean by a TC, which accounts for both the effects of maximum winds and translation speed. The cooling amplitude increases almost linearly with WPi. For a given WPi, the cooling amplitude can however vary by an order of magnitude: a strong wind energy input can either result in a 0.5°C or 5°C cooling, depending on oceanic background state. Using an oceanic parameter such as CI in addition to wind energy input improves statistical hindcasts of the cold wake amplitude by ～40%. Deriving an oceanic parameter based on the potential energy required to cool the ocean surface through vertical mixing is thus a promising way to better account for ocean characteristics in TCs studies.
机译：热带气旋（TCs）引起海面降温，对其强度造成负面影响。先前的研究表明，降温幅度取决于海洋条件以及TC特性，但有关海洋控制的文献很少。我们使用全球海洋模型实验调查了海洋对TC致冷的影响，该实验实际采样了过去30年海洋对3,000多个TC的响应。我们得出了一个物理接地的海洋参数，即冷却抑制指数（CI），该参数测量通过垂直混合来冷却海洋表面所需的势能输入，因此考虑了暴风前对TC致冷的上层分层阻力。使用风能指数（WPi）来描述大气控制，风能指数是TC转移到海洋的动能的代表，它同时考虑了最大风和平移速度的影响。冷却幅度几乎随WPi线性增加。但是，对于给定的WPi，冷却幅度可能会变化一个数量级：强大的风能输入可能会导致0.5°C或5°C的冷却，具体取决于海洋的背景状态。除风能输入外，还使用诸如CI之类的海洋参数，可将冷尾波幅的统计后遗症改善约40％。因此，基于通过垂直混合冷却海洋表面所需的势能得出海洋参数是在TCs研究中更好地说明海洋特征的一种有前途的方法。

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