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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, C. Oceans: JGR >Direct measurements of World Ocean tidal currents with surface drifters
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Direct measurements of World Ocean tidal currents with surface drifters

机译：使用表面浮标直接测量世界海洋潮流

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Velocities of surface drifters are analyzed to study tidal currents throughout the World Ocean. The global drifter data set spanning the period 1979–2013 is used to describe the geographical structure of the surface tidal currents at global scale with a resolution of 2°. Harmonic analysis is performed with two semidiurnal, two diurnal, and four inferred tidal constituents. Tidal current characteristics (amplitude of semimajor axis, rotary coefficient, tidal ellipse inclination, and Greenwich phase) are mapped over the World Ocean from direct observations. The M2 currents dominate on all the shallow continental shelves with magnitude exceeding 60 cm/s. They are also substantial (4–5 cm/s) over the main deep topographic features such as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the Southwest Indian Ridge, and the Mariana Ridge. The S2 currents have amplitudes typically half the size of the M2 currents, with a maximum of about 30 cm/s. The K1 and O1 currents are important in many shallow seas. They are large in the vicinity of the turning latitudes near 30°N/S where they merge with inertial motions of the same frequency. They are also substantial in the South China Sea and Philippine Sea. Maps of rotary coefficients indicate that all tidal motions are essentially clockwise (anticlockwise) in the Northern (Southern) Hemisphere. The rotary coefficient of the tidal currents is compared with the theory of freely and meridionally propagating baroclinic inertia-gravity waves. The Greenwich phase of the M2 constituent has large-scale coherent propagation patterns which could be interpreted as the propagation of the barotropic tide.
机译：对地表漂流者的速度进行了分析，以研究整个世界海洋中的潮流。横跨1979-2013年的全球漂流数据集用于描述全球规模的地表潮流的地理结构，分辨率为2°。对两个半日，两个日和四个推断潮汐成分进行谐波分析。通过直接观测，在世界海洋上绘制了潮流特征（半长轴幅值，旋转系数，椭圆椭圆倾角和格林威治相）。在所有浅大陆架上，M2电流占主导地位，幅度超过60 cm / s。它们在主要的深部地形特征（例如中大西洋海脊，西南印第安海脊和马里亚纳海脊）上也相当大（4–5 cm / s）。 S2电流的幅度通常为M2电流大小的一半，最大值约为30 cm / s。在许多浅海中，K1和O1洋流很重要。它们在30°N / S附近的转弯纬度附近较大，在此处它们与相同频率的惯性运动合并。它们在南中国海和菲律宾海也很重要。旋转系数图表明，在北半球所有潮汐运动基本上都是顺时针（逆时针）。将潮流的旋转系数与自由和经向传播的斜压惯性重力波的理论进行了比较。 M2成分的格林威治相具有大规模的相干传播模式，可以解释为正压潮的传播。

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