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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, C. Oceans: JGR >Factors governing the deep ventilation of the Red Sea
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Factors governing the deep ventilation of the Red Sea

机译：控制红海深层通风的因素

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摘要

A variety of data based on hydrographic measurements, satellite observations, reanalysis databases, and meteorological observations are used to explore the interannual variability and factors governing the deep water formation in the northern Red Sea. Historical and recent hydrographic data consistently indicate that the ventilation of the near-bottom layer in the Red Sea is a robust feature of the thermohaline circulation. Dense water capable to reach the bottom layers of the Red Sea can be regularly produced mostly inside the Gulfs of Aqaba and Suez. Occasionally, during colder than usual winters, deep water formation may also take place over coastal areas in the northernmost end of the open Red Sea just outside the Gulfs of Aqaba and Suez. However, the origin as well as the amount of deep waters exhibit considerable interannual variability depending not only on atmospheric forcing but also on the water circulation over the northern Red Sea. Analysis of several recent winters shows that the strength of the cyclonic gyre prevailing in the northernmost part of the basin can effectively influence the sea surface temperature (SST) and intensify or moderate the winter surface cooling. Upwelling associated with periods of persistent gyre circulation lowers the SST over the northernmost part of the Red Sea and can produce colder than normal winter SST even without extreme heat loss by the sea surface. In addition, the occasional persistence of the cyclonic gyre feeds the surface layers of the northern Red Sea with nutrients, considerably increasing the phytoplankton biomass.
机译：基于水文测量，卫星观测，再分析数据库和气象观测的各种数据被用于探索年际变化和控制红海北部深水形成的因素。历史和最近的水文数据一致表明，红海中近底层的通风是热盐环流的重要特征。通常可以在亚喀巴和苏伊士海湾内定期生产能够到达红海底层的浓水。有时，在比平常冬天更冷的季节，在亚喀巴和苏伊士海湾以外的红海最北端的沿海地区也可能发生深水形成。但是，深水的来源和数量表现出很大的年际变化，这不仅取决于大气强迫，还取决于北部红海的水循环。对最近几个冬季的分析表明，流域最北端的旋风回旋强度可有效影响海表温度（SST），并加剧或缓和冬季的表面冷却。与持续回旋周期相关的上升流使红海最北端的海表温度降低，并且即使没有海面热量的极大散失，也可能比正常冬季的海表温度更低。另外，旋风回旋带的持续性还为北部红海的表层提供了养分，大大增加了浮游植物的生物量。

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