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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research, C. Oceans: JGR >Bromide and chloride distribution across the snow-sea ice-ocean interface: A comparative study between an Arctic coastal marine site and an experimental sea ice mesocosm
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Bromide and chloride distribution across the snow-sea ice-ocean interface: A comparative study between an Arctic coastal marine site and an experimental sea ice mesocosm

机译：跨海冰洋界面的溴化物和氯化物分布：北极沿海海洋站点与实验性海冰中观之间的比较研究

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During springtime in the Arctic, bromine explosion events occur when high concentrations of reactive bromine species are observed in the boundary layer with the concurrence of ozone depletion events andmercury depletion events. While a variety of substrates including snow, sea ice, frost flowers, and aerosols have been proposed to be the substrate and/or source of bromine activation in the Arctic, recent studies have highlighted the role of snow. Here we report concentration profiles of halides (Br~- and Cl~-), Na~+, and mercury across the snow-sea ice-seawater interface at a coastal marine site in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago in March and June 2014, as well as in an experimental sea ice mesocosm in Winnipeg in January and February 2014. The occurrence of bromine activation at the Arctic site in March was indicated by the high mercury concentrations in snowpack. At both the Arctic andmesocosm sites, the molar ratios of Br~-/Na~+ were nearly constant throughout the sea ice depth, but highly variable in the upper layer of the overlying snowpack, revealing that bromine activation takes place in the sunlit snow instead of sea ice. This is supported by calculations showing that the loss of Br~– fromthe upper layer of the snowpack is large enough to produce the observed concentrations of reactive bromine in the atmospheric boundary layer. However, the upper layer of the Arctic snowpack tends to be generally enriched in Br– due to the net addition of Br~–-containing gases and nonsea-salt aerosols.
机译：在北极的春季，当在边界层中观察到高浓度的反应性溴物种时，就会发生溴爆炸事件，同时发生臭氧消耗事件和汞消耗事件。尽管人们提出了包括雪，海冰，霜花和气溶胶在内的各种基质作为北极活化溴的基质和/或来源，但最近的研究强调了雪的作用。在这里，我们报告了2014年3月和2014年6月加拿大北极群岛沿海海域跨雪海冰海界面的卤化物（Br〜-和Cl〜-），Na〜+和汞的浓度曲线就像2014年1月和2014年2月在温尼伯的一个实验性海冰中观宇宙一样。3月在北极站点发生了溴活化，这是由于积雪中汞含量高所致。在北极和中宇宙的两个站点上，Br〜-/ Na〜+的摩尔比在整个海冰深度上几乎恒定，但在上覆积雪的上层变化很大，这表明溴活化发生在阳光普照的雪中海冰。计算结果证明了这一点，即雪堆上层的Br〜–损失大到足以在大气边界层中产生所观察到的活性溴浓度。但是，由于净添加了含Br〜的气体和非海盐气溶胶，北极积雪的上层通常富含Br–。

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