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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) observations of dust opacity during aerobraking and science phasing
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Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) observations of dust opacity during aerobraking and science phasing

机译：火星全球测量师热发射光谱仪（TES）在气制动和科学定相过程中观察到灰尘不透明

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The Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) arrived at Mars in September 1997 near Mars's southern spring equinox and has now provided monitoring of conditions in the Mars atmosphere for more than half a Mars year. The large majority of the spectra taken by the Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) are in a nadir geometry (downward looking mode) where Mars is observed through the atmosphere. Most of these contain the distinct spectral signature of atmospheric dust. For these nadir-geometry spectra we retrieve column-integrated infrared aerosol (dust) opacities. TES observations during the aerobraking and science-phasing portions of the MGS mission cover the seasonal range L-s = 184 degrees-28 degrees. Excellent spatial coverage was obtained in the southern hemisphere. Northern hemisphere coverage is generally limited to narrow strips taken during the periapsis pass but is still very valuable. At the beginning of the mission the 9-mu m dust opacity at midsouthern latitudes was low (0.15-0.25). As the season advanced through southern spring and into summer, TES observed several regional dust storms (including the Noachis dust storm of November 1997) where peak 9-mu m dust opacities approached or exceeded unity, as well as numerous smaller local storms. Both large and small dust storms exhibited significant changes in both spatial coverage and intensity over a timescale of a day. Throughout southern spring and summer the region at the edge of the retreating southern seasonal polar ice cap was observed to be consistently more dusty than other latitudes. [References: 41]
机译：火星全球测量师（MGS）于1997年9月抵达火星南部春分点附近，现在已经提供了超过半年的火星大气状况监测服务。热发射光谱仪（TES）拍摄的大部分光谱都处于最低点几何形状（向下看模式），在该几何图中可以通过大气层观测火星。其中大多数包含大气尘埃的独特光谱特征。对于这些最低点几何光谱，我们检索了色谱柱积分的红外气雾（粉尘）混浊度。在MGS任务的航空制动和科学定相部分进行的TES观测涵盖了L-s = 184度至28度的季节性范围。在南半球获得了极好的空间覆盖。北半球的覆盖范围通常仅限于围手术期通过的狭窄条带，但仍然非常有价值。任务开始时，中南部纬度的9微米不透明度很低（0.15-0.25）。随着整个春季从春季到夏季进入夏季，TES观测到了几场区域性沙尘暴（包括1997年11月的Noachis沙尘暴），其中9微米的最大沙尘浊度接近或超过了统一，以及许多较小的局部风暴。大型和小型沙尘暴在一天的时间内都表现出空间覆盖率和强度的重大变化。在整个春季南部和夏季，观察到南部季节性极地冰帽正在退缩，其边缘地区的尘土含量始终高于其他纬度。 [参考：41]

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