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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Measurements of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in surface seawater and marine air, and estimates of the air-sea flux from observations during two Atlantic cruises
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Measurements of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in surface seawater and marine air, and estimates of the air-sea flux from observations during two Atlantic cruises

机译：在两次大西洋航行中对地表海水和海洋空气中的羰基硫（COS）进行测量，并根据海气通量估算值

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Carbonyl sulfide (COS) was measured in surface seawater and in marine air during two Atlantic cruises of the R/V Polarstern between Bremerhaven, Germany, and Cape Town, South Africa. The cruises took place in the fall of 1997 and in the summer of 1998. The concentration of COS showed clear diurnal, seasonal, and latitudinal variations, as did its saturation ratio. The concentration of dissolved COS averaged 14.7 pmol L-1 and 18.1 pmol L-1 for the fall and summer cruises, respectively. On most days, seawater was undersaturated in COS during the late night and early morning but was supersaturated during the rest of the day, implying that the ocean can act as both a source and a sink for COS on the same day. The COS content in seawater was correlated significantly with the global radiation, the CH3SH concentration, and the seawater temperature. The air-sea flux of COS from the open Atlantic Ocean was estimated using exchange coefficients calculated according: to Erickson's stability dependent model for air-sea gas exchange. The largest COS flux into the atmosphere occurred in productive regions (the Benguela Current, the West African upwelling area, and the northeastern Atlantic) during the warmer seasons. A small net oceanic uptake of COS was found in the Benguela Current during the southern winter. The average open ocean fluxes were 13.5 nmol COS m(-2) d(-1) and 28.6 nmol COS m(-2) d(-1) for the two cruises, respectively. A global open ocean source of 0.10 Tg: COS yr(-1) is extrapolated from the measured data. The atmospheric mixing ratio of COS averaged 474+/-33 and 502+/-38 pptv for the fall and summer cruises: respectively, and had no significant interhemispheric gradient. [References: 71]
机译：在德国不来梅港和南非开普敦之间的R / V Polarstern两次大西洋航行期间，在地表海水和海洋空气中测量了羰基硫（COS）。航行在1997年秋天和1998年夏天进行。COS的浓度显示出明显的昼夜，季节和纬度变化，饱和度也是如此。在秋季和夏季航行中，溶解的COS的平均浓度分别为14.7 pmol L-1和18.1 pmol L-1。在大多数日子里，深夜和清晨海水中的COS海水饱和度较低，但在一天的其余时间中海水饱和度较高，这意味着海洋在同一天既可以充当COS的来源，也可以充当COS的水池。海水中的COS含量与全球辐射，CH3SH浓度和海水温度密切相关。使用根据以下公式计算的交换系数，估算了来自开阔大西洋的COS的海海通量：根据埃里克森的海气交换稳定性依赖模型。进入大气层的最大COS通量发生在温暖季节的生产区（本格拉流，西非上升流地区和东北大西洋）。在南部冬季，本格拉水流中发现了少量的海洋净COS。两次航行的平均开放海洋通量分别为13.5 nmol COS m（-2）d（-1）和28.6 nmol COS m（-2）d（-1）。从测得的数据推断出0.10 Tg：COS yr（-1）的全球开放海洋源。秋季和夏季航行期间，COS的大气混合比分别平均为474 +/- 33和502 +/- 38 pptv，并且没有明显的半球间梯度。 [参考：71]

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