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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Effects of glacial meltwater in the GISS coupled atmosphere-ocean model - 2. A bipolar seesaw in Atlantic Deep Water production
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Effects of glacial meltwater in the GISS coupled atmosphere-ocean model - 2. A bipolar seesaw in Atlantic Deep Water production

机译：GISS耦合的大气-海洋模型中冰川融水的影响-2.大西洋深水生产中的双极跷跷板

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The relationship between the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere deep water circulation systems is explored in experiments with gradual and impulsive freshwater input through the St. Lawrence. With sufficient freshwater volume input (50 Sv years), North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) cessation occurs, as does substantial cooling in the Northern Hemisphere. The colder temperatures are accompanied by increased mass and sea level pressure in the Northern Hemisphere, with corresponding lower pressure in the Southern Hemisphere. The low-pressure response occurs at high southern latitudes, consistent with the Antarctic Annular Mode, the leading mode of variability in the current climate. Stronger winds, associated with this increased cyclonicity, intensify the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) with heat flux divergences in the South Atlantic and convergences and warming in the Indian Ocean. Weddell Sea Bottom Water production increases in response to the South Atlantic high-latitude cooling and sea ice growth, hence acting as a "seesaw" with the decreasing NADW, and even global Antarctic Bottom Water increases, although not as strongly. The initial "seesaw" response occurs within a few years, although it takes some 100 years to maximize due to the response time of the ACC. The South Atlantic cooling occurs approximately in phase with the North Atlantic, so the "seesaw" is not in temperature within that ocean basin; however, warming in portions of the southern Indian Ocean occurs out of phase with the Northern Hemisphere cooling. NADW does not resume of its own accord once complete cessation occurs even when freshwater input is stopped, but when increased evaporation is used to force NADW formation temporarily, Weddell Sea Bottom Water decreases accordingly. [References: 12]
机译：在通过圣劳伦斯河进行渐进和冲动淡水输入的实验中，探索了北半球和南半球深水循环系统之间的关系。有了足够的淡水输入量（50 Sv年），北大西洋深水（NADW）就会停止，北半球也将大量冷却。北半球的气温较低，伴随着质量和海平面压力的增加，南半球的压力相应较低。低压响应发生在南部高纬度地区，与南极环形模式一致，南极环形模式是当前气候变化的主要模式。与强旋风有关的强风使南极绕极流（ACC）加剧，南大西洋的热通量发散，印度洋则收敛并变暖。韦德尔海底水产量随着南大西洋的高纬度降温和海冰的增长而增加，因此在NADW减少的情况下起到了“跷跷板”的作用，甚至全球南极底水也增加了，尽管幅度没有那么大。最初的“跷跷板”响应发生在数年之内，尽管由于ACC的响应时间而使最大化需要大约100年的时间。南大西洋的降温与北大西洋的降温大致相同，因此“跷跷板”不在该海盆内温度调节;但是，印度洋南部部分地区的变暖与北半球的降温不同步。即使停止了淡水输入，一旦完全停止，NADW也不会自行恢复，但是当使用增加的蒸发量暂时迫使NADW形成时，韦德尔海底水会相应减少。 [参考：12]

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