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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Understanding trends in stratospheric NOy and NO2
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Understanding trends in stratospheric NOy and NO2

机译：了解平流层NOy和NO2的趋势

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Nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas, has been increasing since 1980 at a rate of about +3% per decade. Recently, a notably greater rate of increase of about +5% per decade since 1980 was reported for measurements of stratospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over Lauder, New Zealand. Since N2O is the dominant source of odd-nitrogen compounds in the stratosphere, including NO2, this presents an obvious conundrum. Analysis here shows that these apparently conflicting trends are generally consistent when viewed in a global-change framework, specifically, when concurrent trends in stratospheric ozone and halogens are included. Using a combination of photochemical and three-dimensional chemistry-transport models, we predict a 1980-2000 trend in the NO2, as measured over Lauder, New Zealand, of +4.3%/decade when these concurrent trends are considered. Of this, only +2.4%/decade is attributed directly to the increase in N2O; the remainder includes +2.5%/decade due to the ozone change and -0.6%/decade to the increased halogens' impact on odd-nitrogen partitioning. The slant column densities of NO2, as measured from the zenith scattered sunlight during twilight, are found to (1) overestimate the trend by +0.4%/decade as compared to the true vertical column densities and (2) display a diurnally varying trend with a maximum during the night and large gradients through sunrise and sunset in good agreement with measurement. Nonetheless, measurements such as these are essential for identifying global change and provide a lesson in understanding it: careful simulation of the time, location, and geometry of measurements must be combined with concurrent trends in related chemical species and climate parameters. [References: 18]
机译：自1980年以来，一氧化二氮（N2O）是一种重要的温室气体，以每十年+ 3％的速度增长。最近，据报道，自1980年以来，新西兰劳德地区平流层二氧化氮（NO2）的测量值以每十年约+ 5％的速度增长。由于N2O是平流层中奇异氮化合物（包括NO2）的主要来源，因此存在明显的难题。此处的分析表明，在全球变化的框架内，特别是在包括平流层臭氧和卤素的同时趋势时，这些明显矛盾的趋势通常是一致的。使用光化学和三维化学迁移模型的组合，当考虑到这些并发趋势时，我们预测1980-2000年NO2趋势（按新西兰劳德市测量）为+ 4.3％/十年。其中，每十年仅+ 2.4％直接归因于N2O的增加;其余的包括由于臭氧变化而产生的每十年增加+ 2.5％，以及由于卤素对奇数氮分配的影响而增加的每十年产生-0.6％。从黄昏时从天顶散射的阳光测量得出的NO2的倾斜柱密度发现（1）与真实的垂直柱密度相比将趋势高估了+ 0.4％/十年，并且（2）显示出随时间变化的日变化趋势夜晚最大，与日出和日落之间的梯度很大，与测量值非常吻合。尽管如此，诸如此类的测量对于识别全球变化是必不可少的，并为理解它提供了一个教训：对测量的时间，位置和几何形状的仔细模拟必须与相关化学物种和气候参数的同时趋势相结合。 [参考：18]

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