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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Interdecadal changes in seasonal freeze and thaw depths in Russia - art. no. D05101
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Interdecadal changes in seasonal freeze and thaw depths in Russia - art. no. D05101

机译：俄罗斯季节性冻结和解冻深度的年代际变化-艺术。没有。 D05101

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1] Seasonal freezing and thawing processes in cold regions play a major role in ecosystem diversity, productivity, and the Arctic hydrological system. Long-term changes in seasonal freeze and thaw depths are also important indicators of climate change. Only sparse historical measurements of seasonal freeze and thaw depths are available for permafrost and seasonally frozen ground regions. Using mean monthly soil temperature data for 1930 - 1990 for 242 stations located throughout Russia, we employed a linear interpolation method to determine the depth of the 0 degreesC isotherm based on soil temperature data measured between 0.2 m and 3.2 m depth. The relationship between available observed annual maximum freeze and thaw depths and our interpolated values indicates a perfect correlation. A comprehensive evaluation of long-term trends in these new interpolated data for Russia indicates that in permafrost regions, active layer depths have been steadily increasing. In the period 1956 - 1990 the active layer exhibited a statistically significant deepening by approximately 20 cm. The changes in the seasonally frozen ground areas are even greater: The depth of the freezing layer decreased 34 cm between 1956 and 1990. Potential forcings of the observed changes include air temperature, freezing and thawing index, and snow depth. Correlation and multiple regression reveal that active layer depth is most strongly related to snow depth. Air temperature, both mean annual and thawing index, is also significantly related to changes in the active layer. Freeze depth is influenced most strongly by the freezing index and mean annual air temperature, although snow depth is also a significant contributor. Air temperature and snow depth have been changing less in the seasonally frozen ground regions of Russia compared to permafrost regions, although observed changes in freeze depth are greater than changes in active layer depth for 1930 - 1990. This indicates that the seasonally frozen ground regions of the Russian high latitudes are more susceptible to climate change than the Russian permafrost. However, as temperatures have been rising, especially in the high-latitude continental regions, both permafrost and seasonally frozen ground regions are being greatly impacted. These changes can potentially result in increased river runoff and changes in discharge throughout the Russian Arctic drainage basin, as well as changes in high-latitude ecosystems. [References: 50
机译：1]寒冷地区的季节性冻融过程在生态系统多样性，生产力和北极水文系统中起着重要作用。季节性冻结和解冻深度的长期变化也是气候变化的重要指标。对于永久冻土和季节性冻结的地面区域，只有季节性冻结和解冻深度的稀疏历史测量值可用。利用1930年至1990年俄罗斯全境242个站点的月平均土壤温度数据，我们采用线性插值方法，根据测得的0.2 m至3.2 m深度的土壤温度数据，确定0℃等温线的深度。可用的观测的年度最大冻结和解冻深度之间的关系以及我们的插值表明了完美的相关性。对这些新的俄罗斯插值数据的长期趋势进行的全面评估表明，在多年冻土地区，活动层深度一直在稳步增长。在1956年至1990年期间，活性层显示出统计学上显着的约20 cm的加深。季节性冻结的地面区域的变化甚至更大：1956年至1990年之间，冻结层的深度减少了34 cm。观测到的变化的潜在强迫因素包括气温，冻结和解冻指数以及降雪深度。相关性和多元回归表明，活动层深度与积雪深度最密切相关。空气温度，无论是年度平均值还是解冻指数，都与活动层的变化显着相关。冻结深度受冻结指数和年平均气温的影响最大，尽管降雪深度也是重要因素。与永久冻土地区相比，俄罗斯的季节性冻土地区的气温和积雪深度变化较小，尽管在1930年至1990年期间观察到的冻深变化大于活动层深度变化。这表明俄罗斯的季节性冻土地区与俄罗斯的多年冻土区相比，俄罗斯的高纬度地区更容易受到气候变化的影响。但是，随着温度的升高，尤其是在高纬度大陆地区，永久冻土和季节性冻土地区都受到了很大的影响。这些变化有可能导致河流径流量增加以及整个俄罗斯北极流域的流量变化，以及高纬度生态系统的变化。 [参考：50

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