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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >IMPACT, the LLNL 3-D global atmospheric chemical transport model for the combined troposphere and stratosphere: Model description and analysis of ozone and other trace gases - art. no. D04303 [Review]
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IMPACT, the LLNL 3-D global atmospheric chemical transport model for the combined troposphere and stratosphere: Model description and analysis of ozone and other trace gases - art. no. D04303 [Review]

机译：IMPACT，对流层和平流层组合的LLNL 3-D全球大气化学迁移模型：臭氧和其他微量气体的模型描述和分析-艺术。没有。 D04303 [审阅]

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1] We present a global chemical transport model called the Integrated Massively Parallel Atmospheric Chemical Transport ( IMPACT) model. This model treats chemical and physical processes in the troposphere, the stratosphere, and the climatically critical tropopause region, allowing for physically based simulations of past, present, and future ozone and its precursors. The model is driven by meteorological fields from general circulation models ( GCMs) or assimilated fields representing particular time periods. It includes anthropogenic and natural emissions, advective and convective transport, vertical diffusion, dry deposition, wet scavenging, and photochemistry. Simulations presented here use meteorological fields from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Middle Atmospheric Community Climate Model, Version 3 ( MACCM3). IMPACT simulations of radon/lead are compared to observed vertical profiles and seasonal cycles. IMPACT results for a full chemistry simulation, with approximately 100 chemical species and 300 reactions representative of a mid-1990s atmosphere, are presented. The results are compared with surface, satellite, and ozonesonde observations. The model calculates a total annual flux from the stratosphere of 663 Tg O-3/ year, and a net in situ tropospheric photochemical source ( that is, production minus loss) of 161 Tg O-3/year, with 826 Tg O-3/year dry deposited. NOx is overpredicted in the lower midlatitude stratosphere, perhaps because model aerosol surface densities are lower than actual values or the NOx to NOy conversion rate is underpredicted. Analysis of the free radical budget shows that ozone and NOy abundances are simulated satisfactorily, as are HOx catalytic cycles and total production and removal rates for ozone. [References: 154
机译：1]我们提出了一个全球化学物质运输模型，称为整体大规模平行大气化学物质运输（IMPACT）模型。该模型处理对流层，平流层和气候临界对流层顶区域的化学和物理过程，从而可以对过去，现在和将来的臭氧及其前体进行基于物理的模拟。该模型由通用循环模型（GCM）的气象领域或代表特定时间段的同化领域驱动。它包括人为和自然排放，对流和对流运输，垂直扩散，干沉降，湿清除和光化学。此处提供的模拟使用了来自国家大气研究中心（NCAR）中型大气社区气候模型第3版（MACCM3）的气象场。将ACT /铅的IMPACT模拟与观察到的垂直剖面和季节周期进行比较。给出了完整化学模拟的IMPACT结果，其中包含约100种化学物种和300项反应，代表1990年代中期的大气。将结果与地面，卫星和臭氧探空仪的观测结果进行比较。该模型计算的平流层年总通量为663 Tg O-3 /年，对流层净光化学源（即产量减去损失）为161 Tg O-3 /年，其中826 Tg O-3 /年干沉积。在中纬度低层平流层中，NOx的预测值过高，这可能是因为模型气溶胶表面密度低于实际值，或者是由于NOx到NOy的转化率预测不足。自由基预算的分析表明，可以令人满意地模拟臭氧和NOy的丰度，以及HOx催化循环以及臭氧的总产生和去除速率。 [参考：154

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