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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Frequent sexual reproduction and high intraspecific variation in Salix arctica: Implications for a terrestrial feedback to climate change in the High Arctic
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Frequent sexual reproduction and high intraspecific variation in Salix arctica: Implications for a terrestrial feedback to climate change in the High Arctic

机译：北极柳的有性生殖频繁和种内变异高：对北极高地气候变化的陆地反馈意义

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摘要

Genetic variation at molecular loci may underlie important variation in the phenotypes of arctic plants. Such intraspecific variation may be a neglected but important component of biological diversity in the Arctic that could impact how arctic ecosystems respond to climate change. Here, we characterized genetic and phenotypic variation in Salix arctica and evaluated the effect of S. arctica on ecosystem CO2 exchange, a process by which terrestrial ecosystems in the Arctic feedback to the global climate system. We found high genetic variation at microsatellite loci of S. arctica collected from an inland and a coastal site in Greenland that indicates sexual reproduction has occurred frequently as the ice sheet has retreated. Across the North American range of S. arctica, ten chloroplast DNA haplotypes were identified. Haplotype diversity and allelic richness were high overall and similar across regions with different glacial histories. Phenotypic variation in ecologically important traits varied substantially in a High Arctic population of S. arctica. In a widespread High Arctic ecosystem, a net loss of CO2 to the atmosphere was observed except where S. arctica was present. We suggest that high genetic variation in S. arctica is in part a result of frequent sexual reproduction, and that the phenotypic variation we observed is likely to be at least partially genetic-based. This would enable a productive High Arctic species to adapt and potentially prosper as climate changes, and thus affect the terrestrial feedback of the Arctic to the climate system.
机译：分子位点的遗传变异可能是北极植物表型的重要变异的基础。这种种内变异可能是北极生物多样性中被忽略但重要的组成部分，可能会影响北极生态系统对气候变化的反应。在这里，我们表征了柳柳的遗传和表型变异，并评估了北柳对生态系统CO2交换的影响，这一过程是北极陆地生态系统向全球气候系统反馈的过程。我们发现从格陵兰岛的内陆和沿海地区收集到的S. arctica微卫星基因座存在高遗传变异，这表明随着冰盖的退缩，性繁殖频繁发生。在北美地区的S. arctica范围内，鉴定出十种叶绿体DNA单倍型。单体型多样性和等位基因丰富度总体较高，在不同冰川历史的地区之间相似。在北极高密度种群中，生态学重要特征的表型变异有很大差异。在一个广泛的高北极生态系统中，除了存在北极链球菌的地方，还观察到了向大气中的二氧化碳净损失。我们建议，S。arctica中的高遗传变异部分是由于频繁性繁殖所致，而我们观察到的表型变异可能至少部分是基于遗传的。这将使高生产力的北极物种适应并随着气候变化而繁荣，从而影响北极对气候系统的陆地反馈。

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