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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >KOHLER EQUATION FOR FINITE SYSTEMS - A SIMPLE ESTIMATION OF POSSIBLE CONDENSATION MECHANISMS IN AIRCRAFT CONTRAILS
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KOHLER EQUATION FOR FINITE SYSTEMS - A SIMPLE ESTIMATION OF POSSIBLE CONDENSATION MECHANISMS IN AIRCRAFT CONTRAILS

机译：有限系统的KOHLER方程-飞机轨迹中可能凝结机理的简单估计

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摘要

A generalization of the Kohler equation for systems with a limited amount of available water vapor is presented. Following the classical nucleation theory, a condensation process on soluble particles is discussed under isothermal-isochoric conditions. The resulting generalization of the Kohler equation deviates from the classical approach for droplets with radius larger than the critical radius. An additional minimum in the Kohler curve can be determined describing the effect of water limitation. The presented theory is applied for the estimation of possible water condensation processes during the formation of aircraft contrails. In particular, three different kinds of condensation centers (set, soot covered with sulfuric acid, and pure H2O/H2SO4 droplets) are compared. with respect to the critical conditions which are necessary for their activation and with respect to their suitability for water uptake during condensation processes in the plume. Based on such investigations, soot particles with Or without sulfuric acid can be easier activated than small H2O/H2SO4 droplets for atmospheric situations where jets get supersaturated with respect to water and, consequently, may lead to sufficiently large frozen particles. If the plume is undersaturated with respect to water, there is no difference, at least in view of the water condensation processes, between the highly concentrated H2O/H2SO4 droplets and soot particles with or without sulfuric acid. [References: 28]
机译：给出了可用水蒸气量有限的系统的科勒方程的推广。遵循经典的成核理论，讨论了等温-等渗条件下可溶颗粒的缩合过程。对于半径大于临界半径的液滴，科勒方程的所得推广结果与经典方法有所不同。可以确定描述限水效果的科勒曲线中的其他最小值。提出的理论可用于估算飞机凝结尾迹期间可能的水凝结过程。特别是比较了三种不同的冷凝中心（凝结，烟灰覆盖有硫酸和纯H2O / H2SO4液滴）。关于激活它们所必需的临界条件，以及在烟羽凝结过程中是否适合吸水。基于这样的研究，在大气中喷射流相对于水过饱和的情况下，具有或不具有硫酸的烟尘颗粒比小的H2O / H2SO4液滴更容易被活化，因此可能导致足够大的冷冻颗粒。如果羽流相对于水不饱和，则至少就水冷凝过程而言，高浓度的H2O / H2SO4液滴与有或没有硫酸的烟灰颗粒之间没有区别。 [参考：28]

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