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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >CONSTRAINTS ON DROPLET GROWTH IN RADIATIVELY COOLED STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS
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CONSTRAINTS ON DROPLET GROWTH IN RADIATIVELY COOLED STRATOCUMULUS CLOUDS

机译：辐射消融的纹状体云团中液滴生长的约束

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摘要

Radiative cooling near the top of a layer cloud plays a dominant role in droplet condensation growth. The impact of this cooling on the evolution of small droplets and the formation of precipitation-sized drops is calculated using a microphysical model that includes radiatively driven condensation and coalescence. The cloud top radiative environment used for these calculations is determined using a mixed-layer model of a marine stratocumulus cloud with a subsiding, radiatively cooled inversion. Calculations of the radiatively driven equilibrium supersaturation show that net long wave emission by cloud droplets produces supersaturations below 0.04% for typical nocturnal conditions. While supersaturations as low as this will force evaporation for droplets smaller than approximate to 5 mu m, radiatively enhanced growth for larger droplets can reduce the time required to produce precipitation-sized particles by a factor of 2-4, compared with droplets in a quiescent cloud without flux divergence. The impact of this radiative enhancement on the acceleration of coalescence is equivalent to that produced in updrafts of 0.1 - 0.5 m s(-1), and varies linearly with the total emitted flux (the ''radiative exchange''). [References: 30]
机译：层云顶部附近的辐射冷却在液滴凝结生长中起主要作用。使用包括辐射驱动的冷凝和聚结在内的微物理模型，可以计算出这种冷却对小液滴的演变和沉淀大小的液滴形成的影响。用于这些计算的云顶辐射环境是使用具有平缓辐射冷却反演的海陆平积云的混合层模型确定的。辐射驱动的平衡过饱和度的计算表明，在典型的夜间条件下，云滴产生的净长波发射产生的过饱和度低于0.04％。虽然如此低的过饱和度将迫使小于约5微米的液滴蒸发，但与静止状态的液滴相比，较大液滴的辐射增强生长可将产生沉淀大小的颗粒所需的时间减少2-4倍。云没有通量散度。这种辐射增强对聚结加速的影响等同于上升气流0.1-0.5 m s（-1）中产生的影响，并且随总发射通量线性变化（“辐射交换”）。 [参考：30]

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