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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Tsiolkovsky crater: A window into crustal processes on the lunar farside
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Tsiolkovsky crater: A window into crustal processes on the lunar farside

机译：齐奥尔科夫斯基火山口：进入月球远端地壳过程的窗口

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摘要

Mineralogy and distribution of rock types in the Tsiolkovsky region of the lunar farside are evaluated in terms of crustal stratigraphy and evolution. Calibrated multispectral images from five orbits of Clementine data provide compositional information at a scale that allows diverse geologic features to be analyzed and compared. The entire region is seen to be highly anorthositic, with outcrops of relatively pure anorthosite quite common. The crater itself has excavated blocks of anorthosite and noritic anorthosite from the near-surface highland crust, often in a mixed jumble. The central peaks of Tsiolkovsky, which have exhumed much deeper material, however, are composed of relatively pure anorthosite with olivine-rich zones concentrated near the ridge crests. Boundaries between the anorthosite and olivine-rich zones are sharp, but spatial relations suggest the coherent olivine-rich zone is relatively thin (< 1 km). The composition of the mare material filling Tsiolkovsky is shown to be low-titanium basalt. Smaller exposures of mare basalt occur about one crater radius from the rim. The crustal structure to approx 25 km in this region prior to the Tsiolkovsky impact appears to be (top to bottom) a few kilometers of anorthositic breccias comprising the megaregolith, a zone of crystalline anorthosite with pockets of noritic anorthosite, a zone of anorthosite devoid of iron-bearing minerals, and a zone of relatively pure anorthosite containing olivine-rich material, possibly emplaced as intrusions.
机译：通过地壳地层和演化评估了月球远端Tsiolkovsky地区的矿物学和岩石类型的分布。来自克莱门汀（Clementine）五个轨道的校准多光谱图像以一定比例提供成分信息，可以分析和比较各种地质特征。整个区域都被认为是高钙硅石，相对较纯的钙硅石露头非常普遍。陨石坑本身是从近地表高地壳中挖掘出的块状钙长石和低钙钙长石的，通常是混杂的。齐奥尔科夫斯基的中心峰已经挖掘出了更深的物质，但是由相对纯净的钙长石组成，橄榄石富集区集中在山脊附近。钙长石和橄榄石富集区之间的边界很清晰，但空间关系表明，相干的橄榄石富集区相对较薄（<1 km）。填充齐奥尔科夫斯基的母马材料的成分显示为低钛玄武岩。较小的母马玄武岩暴露发生在距轮缘约一个火山口半径处。在Tsiolkovsky撞击之前，该区域的地壳结构大约为25 km（自上而下），包括由巨角砾岩组成的几公里的原位角砾岩角砾岩。含铁矿物，以及相对纯净的含钙质富橄榄石的原铁矿带，可能是侵入岩。

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