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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >AVHRR estimates of surface temperature during the Southern Great Plains 1997 Experiment
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AVHRR estimates of surface temperature during the Southern Great Plains 1997 Experiment

机译：AVHRR在1997年南部大平原实验中对地表温度的估计

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In this study we aim to (1) explore the differences in the accuracy of satellite-derived land-surface skin temperature for day and nighttime observations, (2) assess the effects of large solar zenith angles, and (3) develop an understanding of the spatial variability of the observed temperatures. Land-surface skin temperatures are obtained using the split-window technique from observations of the AVHRR instrument aboard the NOAA-12 and NOAA-14 satellites for the SGP97 (Southern Great; Plains 1997) hydrology experiment. From the study of several days of observations we find that observed biases with respect to the ground temperature, both during day and night, are small. However, except for one rainy day measurement, there consistently was a warm bias during the day and cold bias during the night. Contrary to the hypothesis that at large solar zenith angles the observed temperatures are representative of the shelter height air temperature, we find that the observed temperatures are still closer to the ground temperatures than the air temperature. The spatial correlation is nearly isotropic and has an exponential decay. The correlation lengths demonstrate tremendous spread both during the day and during the night with the mean during the day being about 50% larger than that during the night. The average correlation length of 8.63 km during the day is much smaller than the grid sizes typically used in short-time hydrology/mesoscale forecasts. This suggests that for modeling purposes the temperatures in each grid box may be treated as uncorrelated. However, the variance captured can be significantly smaller than the true value. [References: 18]
机译：在这项研究中，我们旨在（1）探索白天和夜间观测的卫星衍生的地表皮肤温度准确性的差异;（2）评估大太阳天顶角的影响;以及（3）了解观测温度的空间变异性。土地表面的皮肤温度是使用分窗技术从SGP97（南部大平原; 1997年）水文学实验的NOAA-12和NOAA-14卫星上对AVHRR仪器的观测获得的。通过对几天观测值的研究，我们发现白天和黑夜观测到的相对于地面温度的偏差都很小。但是，除了下雨天的测量外，白天始终有温暖的偏见，而夜间则始终有冷偏见。与大太阳天顶角处观测到的温度代表避难所高度空气温度的假设相反，我们发现观测到的温度仍然比空气温度更接近地面温度。空间相关性几乎是各向同性的，并且具有指数衰减。相关长度表明白天和晚上都有很大的分布，白天的平均值比夜间的平均值大50％。白天的平均相关长度为8.63公里，远小于短时水文/中尺度预报中通常使用的网格大小。这表明出于建模目的，可以将每个网格框中的温度视为不相关。但是，捕获的方差可能远小于真实值。 [参考：18]

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