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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Geophysical Research. Biogeosciences >Analysis of deformation data at Parkfield, California: Detection of a long-term strain transient
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Analysis of deformation data at Parkfield, California: Detection of a long-term strain transient

机译：加利福尼亚帕克菲尔德的变形数据分析：长期应变瞬变的检测

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Analysis of more than a decade of high-quality data, particularly those from the two-color electronic distance meter (EDM),:in the Parkfield, California, area reveals a significant transient in slip rate along:the:San Andreas Fault. This transient consists of an increase in fault slip rate of 3.3 +/- 0.9 mm/yr during 1993.0 to 1998.0. The most reliable fault creep instruments show a comparable increase in slip rate, suggesting that the deformation is localized to the fault which breaks the surface. There was also an increase in precipitation around 1993. It is unlikely, however, that this anomaly is due directly to hydrology, as its spatial distribution is what would be expected for increased slip on the San. Andreas Fault. The increase in slip rate corresponds temporally to a dramatic increase in seismicity, including the four largest earthquakes in the period 1984-1999 that occurred along a 6-km segment of the fault just to the north of the EDM network. There was also a previously reported anomaly in borehole shear. strain [Gwyther et al., 1996] that closely corresponds temporally to the transient-in EDM data. Solely on the basis of EDM data the transient can be modeled as :a Slip event on a 10-km-long segment of the fault. The calculated shear strains from:this model, however, are not consistent with the observed ones. A compatible model:dan be found if there is increased aseismic slip to the northwest in conjunction. with the four earthquakes. Support for this northwestern slip is provided by a recent study of slip rate based on microearthquake activity. We speculate that this northwestern event served to load the:fault:to the southeast, with the stress being partially released by the observed slip. [References: 22]
机译：对十多年来高质量数据的分析，尤其是来自加利福尼亚州帕克菲尔德市的两色电子测距仪（EDM）的数据，揭示了圣安德烈亚斯断层沿滑移率的显着瞬变。这种过渡包括在1993.0到1998.0期间断层滑动率增加了3.3 +/- 0.9 mm / yr。最可靠的断层蠕变仪器显示出可比的滑移速率增加，表明变形局限于断层表面的断层。 1993年前后降水量也有所增加。但是，这种异常不太可能直接归因于水文学，因为其空间分布是San滑坡增加的原因。安德烈亚斯（Andreas Fault）滑移率的增加在时间上与地震活动性急剧增加相对应，包括1984-1999年期间沿着EDM网络以北6公里断层段发生的四次最大地震。以前也有井眼剪切异常的报道。应变[Gwyther等，1996]在时间上与瞬态EDM数据非常接近。仅基于EDM数据，可以将瞬态建模为：断层10公里长的一段滑移事件。但是，从该模型计算出的剪切应变与观察到的不一致。一个兼容的模型：如果同时向西北滑移增加，则会发现该模型。经历了四次地震。最近基于微地震活动的滑移率研究为西北滑移提供了支持。我们推测这是西北性事件，其作用是向东南方向加载：断层：，并由观测到的滑动部分地释放了应力。 [参考：22]

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