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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of geophysical research. Planets >Ferric sulfates on Mars: A combined mission data analysis of salty soils at Gusev crater and laboratory experimental investigations
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Ferric sulfates on Mars: A combined mission data analysis of salty soils at Gusev crater and laboratory experimental investigations

机译：火星上的硫酸铁：Gusev火山口含盐土壤的联合任务数据分析和实验室实验研究

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A temporal visible near‐infrared (VIS‐NIR) spectral variation was observed from Tyrone yellowish salty soils based on seven periodic Pancam 13 filter observations made by the Spirit rover. The major change was the reduction of spectral slope from 434 nm to 753 nm. Based on the results from a set of systematic laboratory experiments on the stability field and phase transition pathway of typical ferric sulfates, we suggest that the strong dehydration processes of ferricopiapite, either through amorphization or chemical alteration, could be the reasons for the spectral changes of Tyrone yellowish salty soils, excavated from a deep trench. The change of soil property suggests that they were originally not in equilibrium with the surface atmospheric conditions, that there is a relative humidity (RH) gradient existing in the upper few tens of centimeters depth below the surface. A layer of salt‐rich regolith beneath the surface will change the underground temperature profile, especially to keep a low‐temperature zone with a small temperature oscillation (than diurnal cycle at surface) in a salt‐enriched regolith layer. This temperature profile will provide a relatively high RH and small RH variation and thus will facilitate the preservation of hydrous sulfates with high degree of hydration during the moderate obliquity period on Mars. Additionally, the sulfates with high degrees of hydration are excellent RH buffers in a local environment. The subsurface hydrous sulfates can be the sources for high level of water‐equivalent hydrogen found at two large equatorial regions on Mars by Neutron Spectrometer on Mars Odyssey Orbiter.
机译：根据Spirit漫游车进行的七次定期Pancam 13滤镜观测，从泰隆淡黄色盐渍土中观察到了时间可见的近红外（VIS-NIR）光谱变化。主要变化是光谱斜率从434 nm降低到753 nm。根据一系列针对典型硫酸铁的稳定性场和相变途径的系统实验室实验结果，我们建议，通过无定形或化学变化，三氧化二铁的强力脱水过程可能是导致其光谱变化的原因。从深沟中挖出的泰隆盐渍土呈黄色。土壤性质的变化表明它们最初与地表大气条件不平衡，在地表以下几十厘米深度处存在相对湿度（RH）梯度。在地表以下的一层富盐重钙石将改变地下温度分布，特别是在一个富含盐的重钙石层中保持一个温度波动较小的低温区（比地表的昼夜循环）。该温度曲线将提供相对较高的相对湿度和较小的相对湿度变化，因此将有利于在火星上适度的倾斜期间以高水化程度保存含水硫酸盐。此外，具有高水合度的硫酸盐在局部环境中是出色的RH缓冲剂。地下水合硫酸盐可能是火星奥德赛轨道上的中子能谱仪在火星的两个大赤道区域发现的高水平水等价氢的来源。

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