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Numerical investigations on mapping permeability heterogeneity in coal seam gas reservoirs using seismo-electric methods

机译：地震电法测绘煤层气藏渗透率非均质性的数值研究

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摘要

Mapping the horizontal distribution of permeability is a key problem for the coal seam gas industry. Poststack seismic data with anisotropy attributes provide estimates for fracture density and orientation which are then interpreted in terms of permeability. This approach delivers an indirect measure of permeability and can fail if other sources of anisotropy (for instance stress) come into play. Seismo-electric methods, based on recording the electric signal from pore fluid movements stimulated through a seismic wave, measure permeability directly. In this paper we use numerical simulations to demonstrate that the seismo-electric method is potentially suitable to map the horizontal distribution of permeability changes across coal seams. We propose the use of an amplitude to offset (AVO) analysis of the electrical signal in combination with poststack seismic data collected during the exploration phase. Recording of electrical signals from a simple seismic source can be closer to production planning and operations. The numerical model is based on a sonic wave propagation model under the low frequency, saturated media assumption and uses a coupled high order spectral element and low order finite element solver. We investigate the impact of seam thickness, coal seam layering, layering in the overburden and horizontal heterogeneity of permeability.
机译：绘制渗透率的水平分布图是煤层气行业的关键问题。具有各向异性属性的叠后地震数据可提供裂缝密度和方向的估算值，然后根据渗透率进行解释。这种方法间接地测量了渗透率，如果其他各向异性源（例如应力）起作用，该方法可能会失败。地震电法基于记录通过地震波激发的孔隙流体运动产生的电信号，直接测量渗透率。在本文中，我们使用数值模拟来证明地震电法可能适合于绘制贯穿煤层的渗透率变化的水平分布。我们建议结合在勘探阶段收集的叠后地震数据，使用电信号的振幅偏移（AVO）分析。来自简单地震源的电信号记录可能更接近生产计划和运营。数值模型基于低频，饱和介质假设下的声波传播模型，并使用耦合的高阶谱元和低阶有限元求解器。我们研究了煤层厚度，煤层分层，覆盖层分层和渗透率水平非均质性的影响。

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