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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of human nutrition and dietetics >A spatial analysis of community level overweight and obesity
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A spatial analysis of community level overweight and obesity

机译：社区水平超重和肥胖的空间分析

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Background Rates of overweight and obesity are now considered to be epidemic. Few studies have examined the spatial distribution of overweight and obesity at the community level, an area of geography recommended for prevention and intervention. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the spatial variation of overweight and obesity using community geographic boundaries. Methods A cross-sectional secondary spatial data analysis was conducted using three combined cycles of Canadian Community Health Survey data for the province of Nova Scotia with community level boundaries. Descriptive rates were calculated using standardised incidence ratio values and spatial analysis was carried out using Global and Local Moran's I and the GetisOrdGi* statistic for cluster identification. Results Maps illustrating local cluster analysis showed a significant degree of similarity between neighbouring communities in urban areas more so than rural communities. Hot spot analysis maps showed communities clustering together in the urban centre tended to have lower incidence of overweight and obesity (‘cool spots’), whereas clustered communities in a more rural area had a higher incidence of overweight and obesity (‘hot spots). Conclusions The present study showed that there was geographical variation in overweight and obesity between urban and rural communities, and also there was a tendency for communities to cluster based on the incidence of overweight and obesity. This highlights the importance of understanding community level obesity rates and associated behavioural determinants, such as diet and physical activity, as well as the role that urbanisation or rurality may play in intervention initiatives for these behavioural determinants. Specifically, public health nutrition efforts for community level food environments in rural areas should ensure an individualised approach is used, whereas urban areas may be amenable to more general approaches aiming to support healthy weight status among the broader population.
机译：背景超重和肥胖率现在被认为是流行病。很少有研究在社区一级研究超重和肥胖的空间分布，这是建议预防和干预的地理区域。因此，本研究旨在利用社区地理边界来研究超重和肥胖的空间变异。方法采用三个社区周期的加拿大社区健康调查数据的组合周期，对具有社区水平边界的新斯科舍省进行横断面二级空间数据分析。使用标准化的发病率值计算描述率，并使用全局和局部Moran's I和GetisOrdGi *统计量进行空间分析以进行聚类识别。结果地图说明了本地聚类分析，显示城市附近社区之间的相似度远高于农村社区。热点分析图显示，在城市中心聚集在一起的社区往往具有较低的超重和肥胖发生率（“热点”），而在更农村地区的聚集社区则具有较高的超重和肥胖发生率（“热点”）。结论本研究表明，城乡社区之间超重和肥胖之间存在地理差异，并且存在基于超重和肥胖发生率的社区聚集趋势。这突出了了解社区一级肥胖率和相关行为决定因素（如饮食和体育锻炼）的重要性，以及了解城市化或农村人口在这些行为决定因素的干预措施中的作用。具体而言，针对农村地区社区级食品环境的公共卫生营养工作应确保使用个体化方法，而城市地区可能更适合于旨在支持更广泛人群中健康体重状况的更通用方法。

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